Abstract:
The effects of
Porphyra on the processing characteristics and food quality of mixed flour (wheat flour-
Porphyra powder), dough and noodle were studied by the addition 0~4%
Porphyra into flour to make fresh wet noodle, which fully explored the regulation of
Porphyra on noodle quality. The weakening degree of the mixed flour with
Porphyra decreased by 51.38% and the dough formation time and stabilization time increased and decreased by 21.56% and 48.97% respectively, and the peak viscosity and valley viscosity decreased by 27.64% and 21.96% respectively. The elastic modulus, loss modulus and tangent value of dough were negatively correlated with the addition proportion of
Porphyra.
Porphyra powder endowed the noodles with a unique
Porphyra flavor and green appearance in terms of macro quality, especially when the additive amount was 2% to obtain the highest sensory score. With the increasing of
Porphyra powder, the hardness enhanced significantly (
P<0.05), the elasticity and recovery decreased remarkably (
P<0.05), as well as the cooking loss rate and water absorption increased gradually. When the dosage of
Porphyra was less than 2%, the cooking loss rate of prepared noodles was lower than that of high-quality noodles. Fourier infrared analyses showed that the proportion of random curl in protein secondary structure was positively correlated with the addition level of
Porphyra. The results of low field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) showed that the addition of
Porphyra shortened the relaxation time of bound water and non-flowing water, while decreased the water fluidity of noodles. For microstructure measured by stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the surface of the patch became dark and uneven as the increasing of
Porphyra addition. When the addition level was more than 2%, the gluten network structure was obviously damaged. In general, the proportion of
Porphyra powder in noodles should not exceed 2% without adding quality improvers.