Abstract: To improve the effect of curcumin microcapsules, single-factor variables and orthogonal tests were used to elevate the embedding rate of microcapsules, and a mice model of diarrhea induced by senna leaf were applied to test the effect of microcapsules. Results showed that, after optimization, the optimal combination was determined as the concentration of sodium alginate, polysaccharide from Scorias spongiosa, curcumin, Tween 80, and CaCl₂ of 2.5%, 0.15%, 0.4%, 0.3%, and 2.0%, respectively. In addition, the optimal embedding time was 1.5 h. The embedding rate of curcumin microcapsules reached 92.26%. The experimental results showed that the optimized curcumin microcapsules could enhance the oxidative stress ability through the TRL4/NF-κB pathway by reducing the concentrations of pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, and promoting the release of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10. Through the Nrf2 signaling pathway the intestinal antioxidant activity of mice could be improved by promoting the formation of superoxide dismutase and inhibiting the formation of malondialdehyde. As a result, curcumin microcapsules could maintain the intestinal barrier of mice under the combined action of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents, thus achieving the purpose of effective intervention in mice diarrhea. The research lays a theoretical foundation for the popularization and application of curcumin microcapsule intervention in diarrhea.