Abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore the intervention effects of mulberry polyphenols on neurobehavioral toxicity induced by nonylphenol (NP). 70 SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into seven groups: Blank control group (corn oil+saline), Mulberry control group corn oil+mulberry crude extract (MCE), NP exposure group (NP+saline), mulberry group (NP+MCE), anthocyanin group (NP+anthocyanin), resveratrol group (NP+resveratrol), combined group (NP+anthocyanin+resveratrol). The gavage amount of MCE was calculated according to 120 mg/kg·bw polyphenol content, and the anthocyanin and resveratrol content corresponded to the content in MCE. Open field test (OFT) and elevated plus maze (EPM) were used to evaluate the intervention effects of mulberry polyphenols on neurobehavioral toxicity of NP, and the levels of thyroxine (FT3, FT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and deiodinase (DIO1, DIO2, DIO3) were measured. The results showed that compared with NP group, all four intervention groups had varying degrees of intervention effects on the decrease of body weight growth rate, food utilization rate and organ coefficient of rats induced by NP (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The total distance of movement in OFT, the times of entering the central area, the total time of entering the open arm and staying time in EPM were significantly higher in the intervention groups than those in the NP group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the levels of FT3, FT4 and TSH in serum increased significantly (P<0.05), while the content of deiodinase in liver decreased but had no significant difference. In summary: The MCE, anthocyanin and resveratrol could improve the neurobehavioral toxicity induced by NP, which might be related to the regulation of thyroid hormone, thyrotropin and deiodinase.