Abstract: In order to improve yak bone utilization rate and realize high-value utilization, the lipid composition and physicochemical parameters of yak bone were determined and analyzed by GC-MS and IUPAC method. A total of 20 fatty acids were detected by lipidomic analysis, of which SFA (Saturated fatty acid) content accounted for 41.75%, FA n:1 (Monounsaturated fatty acid) 53.01%, PUFA (Polyunsaturated fatty acid) 1.46%, and others 3.79%. A total of four lipids were detected in negative ion mode: Car (Acetyl L-Carnitine), SM (Sphingomyelines), PC (Phosphatidylcholines) and TAG (Triacylglycerols), and the contents were PC>SM>TAG>Car in order. The results of physical and chemical indexes showed that the fat of yak leg bone had better stability and more saturated fatty acids. Two substances, α-trienol and γ-trienol, were detected in yak leg bones. The oxidation stability of oil showed that the induction time of yak bone oil was 5.56 h, the oxidation stability of yak bone oil was high, and it had strong anti-oxidation effect. Fatty acids are closely related to bone health. Yak bone is rich in fatty acids. Therefore, yak bone can be used as a potential nutrient to maintain bone health.