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中国精品科技期刊2020
孙冰,侯艳茹,徐丽媛,等. 不同饲养方式下苏尼特羊肌纤维组成和羊肉品质的比较研究[J]. 食品工业科技,2022,43(11):96−103. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2021090100.
引用本文: 孙冰,侯艳茹,徐丽媛,等. 不同饲养方式下苏尼特羊肌纤维组成和羊肉品质的比较研究[J]. 食品工业科技,2022,43(11):96−103. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2021090100.
SUN Bing, HOU Yanru, XU Liyuan, et al. Effects of Different Feeding Patterns on Muscle Fiber Type Composition and Mutton Quality of Sunit Sheep[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2022, 43(11): 96−103. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2021090100.
Citation: SUN Bing, HOU Yanru, XU Liyuan, et al. Effects of Different Feeding Patterns on Muscle Fiber Type Composition and Mutton Quality of Sunit Sheep[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2022, 43(11): 96−103. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2021090100.

不同饲养方式下苏尼特羊肌纤维组成和羊肉品质的比较研究

Effects of Different Feeding Patterns on Muscle Fiber Type Composition and Mutton Quality of Sunit Sheep

  • 摘要: 本研究以6月龄苏尼特羊背最长肌为试验对象,分析三种饲养方式(放牧、放牧+补饲和舍饲)屠宰性能和肉品质的差异,通过ATPase组化染色法、肌球蛋白重链(Myosin Heavy Chain,MyHC)分子分型法对肌纤维类型进行定性及定量划分,并测定肌肉代谢酶活力,探究不同饲养方式肉品质产生差异性的内在原因。结果表明:放牧组的屠宰性能指标(总增重量、净肉重量、净肉率、屠宰率、产肉率)与胴体品质指标(背膘厚、胴体重)显著低于舍饲组和放牧+补饲组(P<0.05),放牧组的骨肉比显著高于舍饲组和放牧+补饲组(P<0.05)。放牧+补饲组和放牧组pH24 h显著低于舍饲组(P<0.05),放牧组剪切力值显著低于舍饲组(P<0.05)。放牧组和放牧+补饲组Ⅱb型肌纤维直径和面积比例显著低于舍饲组(P<0.05),MyHCⅡb mRNA表达量显著低于舍饲组(P<0.05)。放牧组Ⅰ型、Ⅱa肌纤维直径和横截面积、乳酸脱氢酶(lactic dehydrogenase,LDH)活力均显著低于舍饲组(P<0.05),舍饲组肌纤维密度、Ⅱa数量比例及面积比例、MyHCⅠmRNA表达量、苹果酸脱氢酶(malate dehydrogenase,MDH)活力显著低于放牧+补饲组和放牧组(P<0.05),MyHCⅡxMyHCⅡa mRNA表达量和琥珀酸脱氢酶(succinate dehydrogenase,SDH)活力均显著小于放牧组(P<0.05)。综上所述,相比于自然放牧的苏尼特羊,舍饲和放牧+补饲的饲养方式下屠宰性能和胴体品质更优,而放牧和放牧+补饲的饲养方式由于能增强肌肉的氧化代谢能力且氧化型肌纤维比例更高,一定程度上肉品品质更好。

     

    Abstract: The study of feeding regimens (pasture, grazing supplementary and confinement) on slaughter performance, meat quality in the longissimus dorsi muscle of Sunit sheep were determined. Afterwards, quantitative classification of muscle fiber types was conducted by ATPase histochemical staining and real-time fluorescence quantitative quantification to explore the difference of feeding patterns on types composition of muscle fiber , in order to explore the internal reasons for the difference of meat quality in different feeding methods. The experimental results indicated that the slaughter performance indexes such as total weight gain, net meat weight, net meat rate, slaughter rate and meat production rate, and carcass quality indexes such as backfat thickness and carcass weight of the the grazing supplementary and confinement feeding patterns were increased remarkably than those of the pasture pattern (P < 0.05), the ratio of bone to meat of the pasture pattern was significantly higher than that in confinement and grazing supplementary feeding patterns (P < 0.05). The pH24 h of the confinement pattern was remarkable lower than that of the pasture and grazing supplementary feeding patterns (P < 0.05), and the shear force of the pasture pattern was remarkable lower than that of the confinement pattern (P < 0.05). The diameter and area proportion of typeⅡb muscle fiber in pasture pattern and grazing supplementary feeding pattern were significantly higher than those in confinement pattern (P < 0.05), and the gene expression of MyHCⅡb mRNA was significantly lowr than that in confinement pattern (P < 0.05). The diameter, cross section area of typeⅠandⅡa muscle fibers, the enzyme activity of LDH in the confinement pattern were significantly elevated than those in the pasture pattern (P < 0.05), the number and area percentage of Ⅱa, the gene expression of MyHCⅠmRNA, the muscle fiber density and the enzyme activity of MDH in the confinement pattern were markedly lower than those in the grazing supplementary feeding and pasture pattern (P<0.05), the genes expression level of MyHCⅡx, MyHCⅡa mRNA and the enzyme activity of SDH in confinement pattern were reduced significantly than those in pasture pattern (P < 0.05). Therefore, different feeding regimens of Sunit sheep have their own advantages, and the slaughter performance and carcass quality of Sunit sheep under confinement and grazing supplementary feeding are better. Pasture and grazing supplementary feeding have better meat quality due to their ability to enhance muscle oxidative metabolism and higher proportion of oxidized muscle fibers.

     

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