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中国精品科技期刊2020
霍辰辰,胡志和,鲁丁强,等. 添加谷氨酰胺转氨酶对凝固型酸奶品质的影响[J]. 食品工业科技,2022,43(11):83−95. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2021090097.
引用本文: 霍辰辰,胡志和,鲁丁强,等. 添加谷氨酰胺转氨酶对凝固型酸奶品质的影响[J]. 食品工业科技,2022,43(11):83−95. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2021090097.
HUO Chenchen, HU Zhihe, LU Dingqiang, et al. Effect of Adding Glutamine Transaminase on the Quality of Set-style Yogurt[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2022, 43(11): 83−95. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2021090097.
Citation: HUO Chenchen, HU Zhihe, LU Dingqiang, et al. Effect of Adding Glutamine Transaminase on the Quality of Set-style Yogurt[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2022, 43(11): 83−95. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2021090097.

添加谷氨酰胺转氨酶对凝固型酸奶品质的影响

Effect of Adding Glutamine Transaminase on the Quality of Set-style Yogurt

  • 摘要: 研究添加谷氨酰胺转氨酶(简称TG酶)的凝固型酸奶与普通凝固型酸奶(未添加TG酶)在发酵过程中理化指标与感官指标的差异性。采用酚酞指示剂法、流变仪、质构仪、离心法和平板计数法分别测定酸奶在发酵过程中酸度、粘度、硬度、持水性及活菌数的变化;用电子眼、电子舌、电子鼻测定色泽、滋味、气味的变化,并进行感官评定。结果表明,每克乳蛋白添加0~5 U的TG酶,发酵结束时酸奶的酸度在71.12~73.64 oT范围内,酸度无显著性差异(P>0.05);在发酵过程中,粘度、硬度均在3 h后呈显著上升(P<0.05),发酵结束时,添加TG酶会显著增高凝固型酸奶的粘度和硬度(P<0.05);随着TG酶添加量的增加,持水性显著增强(P<0.05);添加不同浓度的TG酶凝固型酸奶中的活菌数无显著差异(P>0.05)。TG酶凝固型酸奶与普通凝固型酸奶的主色号均为4095,发酵结束时,色泽无显著性差异(P>0.05);经主成分分析,发酵结束后添加不同浓度的TG酶不会对酸奶的滋味、气味造成显著性影响(P>0.05);经感官评定,TG酶在添加量为2 U/(g蛋白)时感官品质最受喜爱。因此,与未加TG酶的普通凝固型酸奶相比,添加TG酶的凝固型酸奶在酸度、活菌数、色泽、滋味、气味方面均无显著性差异(P>0.05);在粘度、硬度和持水性方面显著提高(P<0.05),添加适量TG酶有利于凝固型酸奶品质的提高。

     

    Abstract: The objective of this work was to study the difference of physical and chemical indexes and sensory indexes between set-style yogurt with TG enzyme and plain set-style yogurt (without TG enzyme) in the fermentation process. The changes of acidity, viscosity, hardness, water holding capacity and viable count of yogurt during fermentation were measured by phenolphthalein indicator method, rheometer, texture analyzer, centrifugation and plate counting method, respectively. The changes of color, taste and smell were measured by electronic eye, electronic tongue and electronic nose, respectively, and sensory evaluation was carried out. The results showed that adding 0~5 U TG enzyme per gram of milk protein, the acidity of yogurt at the end of fermentation was within the range of 71.12~73.64 oT, and there was no significant difference in the acidity of yogurt (P>0.05). During the fermentation process, the viscosity and hardness increased significantly after 3 h (P<0.05), and the viscosity and hardness of set-style yogurt with TG enzyme increased significantly at the end of fermentation (P<0.05). With the increase of TG enzyme content, the water holding capacity increased significantly (P<0.05). Adding different concentrations of TG enzyme had no significant effect on the number of viable bacteria in set-style yogurt (P>0.05). The main color number of TG enzyme set-style yoghurt and common set-style yoghurt were both 4095, and there was no significant difference in color at the end of fermentation (P>0.05). By principal component analysis, adding different concentrations of TG enzyme after fermentation had no significant effect on the taste and smell of yogurt (P>0.05). According to sensory evaluation, yogurt that 1 g milk protein supplemented with 2 U TG enzyme had the best sensory. Therefore, compared with the plain set-style yogurt without TG enzyme, the coagulated yogurt with TG enzyme was not significantly different in acidity, live bacteria count, color, taste and odor (P>0.05); it was significantly higher in viscosity, hardness and water-holding capacity (P<0.05), and the addition of appropriate amount of TG enzyme was beneficial to the improvement of the quality of coagulated yogurt.

     

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