Abstract: Obesity and hyperlipidemia have become serious public health problems in today's society. Studies have found that edible and medicinal fungi polysaccharides can promote the proliferation of probiotics in the intestines, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, improve the intestinal flora, and play a role in regulating lipid metabolism. But at present, its specific mechanism has not been determined and unified in regulating lipid metabolism. This article mainly focused on the interaction and effects between polysaccharides of edible and medicinal bacteria, gut microbiota and lipid metabolism, as well as the possible mechanism of edible and medicinal fungi polysaccharides in regulating lipid metabolism through gut microbiota, mainly including the short-chain fatty acid pathway and the activity of reducing inflammation are reviewed. The aim of this study would provide a reference for the utilization of active ingredients of edible and medicinal fungi and the research and development of nutritional functional foods.