洋蓟膳食纤维中可溶性膳食纤维提取工艺优化

朱仁威; 徐田辉; 黄亮; 贺便

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2020070112

洋蓟膳食纤维中可溶性膳食纤维提取工艺优化

doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2020070112

朱仁威^{1, 2, 3,},
徐田辉^{1, 3},
黄亮^{1, 3, ,},
贺便^{1, 3}

1.
特医食品加工湖南省重点实验室，中南林业科技大学食品科学与工程学院，湖南长沙 410004
2.
铜仁学院材料与化学工程学院，贵州铜仁 554300
3.
稻谷及副产物深加工国家工程研究中心，中南林业科技大学食品科学与工程学院，湖南长沙 410004

基金项目: 湖南省自然科学基金项目（2019JJ60020）；智能型移动式吸粮机成套设备关键技术研发与应用（2020GK2088）；湖南省科技创新平台与人才计划项目（2017TP1021）；长沙市科技计划项目（KC1704007）。

详细信息

作者简介:
朱仁威（1986−），男，硕士，实验师，研究方向：农产品加工与贮藏，E-mail：zhurenwei@126.com

通讯作者:
黄亮（1964−），男，硕士，教授，研究方向：农产品加工与贮藏，E-mail：798507440@qq.com

中图分类号: TS210.9
计量
- 文章访问数: 99
- HTML全文浏览量: 44
- PDF下载量: 14
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-07-10
- 网络出版日期: 2022-10-21
- 刊出日期: 2022-11-23

Optimization of Extraction Process of Soluble Dietary Fiber from Artichoke Dietary Fiber

ZHU Renwei^{1, 2, 3
,},
XU Tianhui^{1, 3},
HUANG Liang^{1, 3
, ,},
HE Bian^{1, 3}

1.
Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, School of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
2.
School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China
3.
National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, School of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China

摘要

摘要: 研究洋蓟膳食纤维经超微粉碎（高能纳米冲击磨）和高压均质改性预处理后，提取洋蓟可溶性膳食纤维（Soluble Dietary Fiber，SDF），采用单因素和响应面试验设计，优化高压均质改性工艺，以得到更高的得率。单因素实验考察均质温度、均质压力和物料浓度对洋蓟SDF得率的影响。用响应面法以三因素三水平对洋蓟SDF提取工艺进行优化，建立洋蓟SDF提取条件与得率之间的模型并进行分析，以得到最优的工艺参数，提高洋蓟SDF的得率。结果表明：经超微粉碎-高压均质复合改性后，洋蓟SDF的得率受复合改性的影响显著，其提取洋蓟SDF的最佳工艺为均质温度41 ℃、均质压力97 MPa、物料浓度2.5%，洋蓟SDF理论最高得率为20.70%。采用该工艺，实际洋蓟SDF得率的均值为20.13%。傅里叶变化红外光谱图显示经复合改性后，洋蓟膳食纤维的化学成分没有发生变化。
- 复合改性 /
- 超微粉碎 /
- 高压均质 /
- 洋蓟SDF /
- 响应面
Abstract: To study the extraction rate of soluble dietary fiber (soluble dietary fiber, SDF) contained in the artichoke after ultrafine crushing and high pressure homogenization composite modification, single factor experiment was conducted to investigate the homogenization temperature, homogenization pressure and material concentration on artichoke SDF yield. The response surface method was used to optimize the artichoke SDF extraction process with three factors and three levels. The model between artichoke SDF extraction conditions and yield was established and analyzed to obtain the optimal process parameters and improve the artichoke SDF yield. The results showed that after ultrafine crushing and high pressure homogenization compound modification, the yield of artichoke SDF was significantly affected by the compound modification. The best process for extracting artichoke SDF was a homogenization temperature of 41 ℃ and a homo-genization pressure of 97 MPa, material concentration 2.5%. The theoretical maximum yield of artichoke SDF was 20.70%. With this process, the average yield of artichoke SDF was 20.13%. The Fourier infrared spectroscopy showed that the chemical composition of artichoke dietary fiber had not changed after compound modification.
- compound modification /
- ultrafine crushing /
- high pressure homogenization /
- artichoke SDF /
- response surface

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图 1 均质压力对洋蓟SDF得率的影响

Figure 1. Effect of homogenization pressure on the yield of SDF of artichoke

注：图中不同小写字母代表差异显著，P<0.05；图2~图3同。

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 均质温度对洋蓟SDF得率的影响

Figure 2. Effect of homogenization temperature on the yield of SDF of artichoke

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 物料浓度对洋蓟SDF得率的影响

Figure 3. Effect of material concentration on the yield of SDF of artichoke

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 各因素交互作用的响应面图与等高线图

Figure 4. Response surface plot and contour plot of interaction of various factors

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 傅里叶光谱仪分析图

Figure 5. Fourier spectrometer analysis chart

注：ADF：未经改性处理洋蓟膳食纤维；HPH-ADF：高压均质改性洋蓟膳食纤维；CM-ADF：超微粉碎-高压均质复合改性洋蓟膳食纤维；SP-ADF：超微粉碎处理洋蓟膳食纤维。

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 响应面试验设计因素与水平

Table 1. Design factors and levels of response surface test

水平	因素
水平	A均质压力（MPa）	B物料浓度（%）	C均质温度（℃）
−1	80	2.0	35
0	90	2.5	40
1	100	3.0	45

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 响应面设计方案及结果

Table 2. Response surface design and results

试验号	A均质压力	B物料浓度	C均质温度	Y洋蓟SDF得率（%）
1	−1	−1	0	15.74
2	1	−1	0	16.37
3	−1	1	0	16.42
4	1	1	0	15.36
5	−1	0	−1	16.78
6	1	0	−1	16.52
7	−1	0	1	15.96
8	1	0	0	18.94
9	0	−1	−1	17.08
10	0	1	−1	16.53
11	0	−1	1	15.84
12	0	1	1	17.74
13	0	0	0	20.96
14	0	0	0	21.84
15	0	0	0	21.43
16	0	0	0	22.07
17	0	0	0	21.98

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 方差分析表

Table 3. Variance analysis table

方差来源	平方和	自由度	均方	F值	P值	显著性
模型	98.46	9	10.94	27.64	0.0001	**
A均质压力	0.66	1	0.66	1.66	0.2391
B物料浓度	0.13	1	0.13	0.33	0.5845
C均质温度	0.31	1	0.31	0.78	0.4069
AB	0.71	1	0.71	1.80	0.2212
AC	2.62	1	2.62	6.63	0.0367	*
BC	1.50	1	1.50	3.79	0.0926
A²	31.05	1	31.05	78.43	<0.0001	**
B²	37.09	1	37.09	93.70	<0.0001	**
C²	15.05	1	15.05	38.02	0.0005	**
回归	2.77	7	0.40
失拟项	1.93	3	0.64	3.04	0.1557	不显著
纯误差	0.85	4	0.21
总回归	101.23	16
			R²=0.9726		CV=3.48%
注：表示差异显著，P<0.05；*表示差异极显著，P<0.01。

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表 4 洋蓟膳食纤维成分表（g/100 g）

Table 4. Artichoke dietary fiber composition table (g/100 g)

组分	水分	蛋白含量	粗脂肪	粗灰分	可溶性膳食纤维	不可溶性膳食纤维
未处理	5.79±0.76^b	3.06±1.86^b	2.04±0.26^d	2.93±1.96^d	6.45±1.26^d	79.73±1.36^a
超微粉碎处理	5.49±1.07^d	3.15±1.26^a	2.15±1.11^c	3.13±0.78^a	10.36±1.59^c	75.72±1.27^b
高压均质处理	5.84±0.36^a	3.05±1.33^c	2.23±0.98^b	2.96±1.26^c	15.06±1.38^b	70.86±0.98^c
复合改性处理	5.59±1.03^c	2.93±1.26^d	2.28±1.27^a	3.11±1.35^b	20.51±0.56^a	65.58±0.89^d
注：不同字母（a~d）表示差异性显著（P<0.05）。

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