Abstract: In order to realize the high value utilization of large yellow croaker roe oil,its microcapsules were prepared by spray drying method using large yellow croaker roe oil as core material and octenyl succinic sodium starch mixed with maltodextrin as wall material. Based on the single factor experiment,the embedding rate of large yellow croaker roe oil was used as the index to optimize the preparation technology of large yellow croaker roe oil microcapsules by employing response surface methodology(RSM). Furthermore,the water content,solubility,bulk density,angle of repose and microstructure of large yellow croaker roe oil microcapsules were characterized under the optimal conditions. The results showed that the embedding rate of the roe oil microcapsule could reach 97.87% when the ratio of octenyl succinic acid starch sodium/maltodextrin was 1:1,the solid content was 20%,the core wall ratio was 1:1.5,and the air inlet temperature was 80℃. Under these conditions,the water content of the large yellow croaker roe oil microcapsules was 1.1%,the solubility was 47.56%,the bulk density was 0.718 g/cm³,the angle of repose was 32.47°,and the microstructure of the microcapsules revealed spherical,fine and uniform particles with no cracks by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)characterization. This work paved the way for fully utilization of large yellow croaker roe oil in the future.