Abstract: The antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects of different parts partitioned from Polygala fallax Hemsl ethanol extracts were investigated. Using 95% ethanol to extract P.fallax,organic solvent extraction method was exployed for purification,and petroleum ether part,acetate part,positive butanol part chloroform site and water phase were obtained respectively. By using Folin-Ciocalteu method,the total polyphenol content of extracts were determined.The content of flavonoids was determined by NaNO₂-Al(NO₃)₃ method. In addition,radicals scavenging(DPPH·,ABTS⁺ and ·OH),α-glucosidase inhibitory were carry out to evaluate their antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities. The results showed that polyphenols and flavonoids were abundant in the alcohol extract of P.fallax. After extraction,the content of polyphenols in ethyl acetate extract was the highest,reaching(483.9±0.8) mg/g,and the content of flavonoids in petroleum ether extract was the highest(53.1±0.57) mg/g and all the extracts from P.fallax possessed scavenging capacities for ABTS,DPPH and ·OH free radicals,the ethyl acetate fraction was in the highest degree,this fraction also showed an equally α-glucosidase inhibitory activity(IC₅₀=(0.064±0.013) mg/mL),and its effect strength was much higher than that of positive control acarbose(IC₅₀=(0.867±0.032) mg/mL). Therefore,all parts of the P.fallax have antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects,and the ethyl acetate part is the best. The active ingredient may be polyphenols.