Abstract: The improvement of scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in mice with ginsenoside Rh1 were studied.The mice were randomly divided into six groups:Normal control group(deionized water),control treated group(deionized water),positive control group(66.7 μg/kg Huperzine A),ginsenoside Rh1 low dose group(5 mg/kg),ginsenoside Rh1 medium dose group(10 mg/kg),ginsenoside Rh1 high dose group(15 mg/kg). The step-down test,passive avoidance test,and Morris water maze test were performed,and the contents of acetylcholine of hippocampus in the mice was determined.Results showed that,in the platform test and the dark test,compared with the negative control group,the latency of the regression test of the ginsenoside Rh1 at low,medium and high dose groups was significantly prolonged,the number of regression test errors was also significantly reduced(low and high dose groups P<0.05,medium dose group P<0.01). In the Morris water maze test,the time to find the platform in the low and high dose groups of Rh1 was significantly shortened(P<0.05),the middle dose group in Rh1 was significantly decreased(P<0.01),and the swimming speed of the mice was significantly faster than the negative control group(P<0.05). The experiments showed that the medium dose of ginsenoside Rh1 had a significant effect on improving memory in mice,and the effect was similar to Huperzine A.