Abstract: In this paper,29 samples of Leccinum crocipodium collected from 25 areas of Yunnan were assayed for their nutritional components,polyphenol content and their antioxidant activity. The results showed the protein content of L. crocipodium was from 24.54% DW to 37.25% DW,the fat content was from 0.88% DW to 3.78% DW,the content of polysaccharide was from 7.03% DW to 19.03% DW,and the content of crude ash was between 4.31% DW and 7.07% DW. The total phenol content(TPC)ranged from 12.25 mg GAE/g DW to 24.44 mg GAE/g DW. The antioxidant activities of polyphenol extract was studied by DPPH·-scavenging system,ABTS⁺·-scavenging system,ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP)method and metal chelating ability(MCA)method. The results showed that the crude polyphenol of Leccinum crocipodium had a good antioxidant activity. There was a significant positive correlation(p<0.01)between total phenols and ABTS⁺·-scavenging activity and FRAP ability. The phenols in the extracts could be one of the main contributors to the antioxidant activity of Leccinum crocipodium. The results of this study showed that Leccinum crocipodium had high content of protein and low content of fat,and the antioxidant activity of crude polyphenol extract was strong.