Abstract: The bamboo powder was pretreated to increase the product 's cellulose content, then the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ( CMC) was prepared by the pretreated material. The process of alkali-cellulase coupling method were as follows:bamboo powder 4 g, 5% Na OH 40 m L, alkali hydrolysis at 50 ℃ for 1 h. After vacuum filtration, adjusted p H5.5, adding400 U/m L cellulase solution 30 m L, then the enzymatic reaction kept at 49 ℃ for 30 min. After the process, the contentα-cellulose of the treated bamboo powder was 84.1%, and the viscosity of the 2% CMC solution made from this material attained 162 m Pa·s, the degree of substitutin ( DS) was 0.95.The infrared spectroscopy showed that the product had characteristic peak of carboxymethyl group, scanning electron microscopy showed that the product had salt characteristics.There is less environmental pollution and relatively low cost by adopting the bio-chemical coupling method in the pretreatment of raw materials, and it would promote the development of green economy and provide a new way for the preparation of CMC.