Abstract: Influence of Fe~(3+) with different content in lipid oxidation and fatty acids in Altay sheep fat during initial autoxidation stage were investigated. The result showed that after 0.05 mol/L Fe~(3+) treatment of fat,the pH was around 6.4( p<0.05),TBARS value did not reach the 0.5 mg MDA/kg( p<0.05),the rate of oxidation was decreased slowly. After treatment 0.05 mol/L Fe~(3+) group,saturated fatty acid content was increased by 43.46%,the content of monounsaturated fatty acids was decreased by 10.87%,the content of polyunsaturated fatty acid was decreased by 0.78%,0.05 mol/L Fe~(3+) can be used as a reference concentration to reduce and inhibit fat rancidity and oxidation rate.