Abstract: In order to obtain the optimal technological condition of polysaccharides extraction from Phellinus igniarius mycelium,and study its antioxidation activity in vitro. Then,the effects of the extraction time,extraction temperature,solid- liquid ratio and the extraction times of the polysaccharides by single factor experiments and orthogonal experiments in distilled water on the yield of this polysaccharide were investigated.At the same time,its scavenging abilities on superoxide and hydroxyl radicals and reducing power were observed. The orthogonal experimental results showed that the optimal conditions were extraction temperature 100 ℃,solid- liquid ratio1∶15 g / m L,extraction time 2 h,2 times.Under this condition,the average rate of extraction of polysaccharides was6.64%.The polysaccharide content was 69.29%,and the protein content was 3.20% of this crude polysaccharide.When the concentration of polysaccharides from P. igniarius mycelium was 0.2 mg / m L,the scavenging rate on superoxide anion was 49.4%,scavenging rate on hydroxyl radical was 28.7%,and reducing power was 0.072.The results were all less than that of V_C.