Abstract: In this paper, local hongximao yam in Enshi was used to extract Yam mucus protein as experimental material. Two kinds of extraction methods were compared. The inhibition of Yam mucus protein to human esophageal cancer cell EC-109 was also studied.Result showed that the highest yield of the traditonal method with water extraction and alcohol precipitation was 1.98%, the optimum solid- liquid ratio was 1 ∶ 25, the optimum extraction temperature was 45℃ and the optimum extraction time was two hours. The highest yield of the method enzymatic flocculation was 4.25%. The optimum p H of the flocculation process was 9 and the optimum concentration of chitosan was 10 g / L. Result of anticancer experiment showed that five solutions of mucus protein with different dilutions all had a certain inhibition on the tumor cells.The effect of the solution with 200- fold dilution to EC-109 cancer cells was the best.