ALA和GNT对苹果果皮中多酚、酶活及相关基因的影响
Effect of 5- Aminolevulinic acid and Genistein on the polyphenols, enzyme activity and gene expression in apple skin
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摘要: 目的:探究5-氨基乙酰丙酸（5-Aminolevulinic acid,ALA）和金雀异黄素（Genistein,GNT）对苹果果皮总酚含量、花青苷、相关酶活性以及基因表达量的影响。方法:在"秦阳"苹果摘袋时,分别用质量浓度为300mg·L-1的ALA、21.62μg·L-1的GNT、ALA+GNT（300mg·L-1的ALA和21.62μg·L-1的GNT 1∶1混合溶液）进行田间实验;并用全波长酶标仪测定处理后苹果皮总多酚、花青苷含量和相关酶活性,用荧光定量法测定各基因表达量。结果:苹果果皮颜色越红,花青苷含量越高,花青苷合成相关基因表达量越高;使用ALA处理过的苹果,果皮中总多酚含量最高,同时其多酚氧化酶（polyphenol oxidase,PPO）酶活性最低;对于苯丙氨酸解氨酶（phenylalanin ammonia-lyase,PAL）酶活性,用GNT和ALA处理过的苹果差异不显著且均高于其它处理。结论:ALA和GNT有利于花青苷的积累,可用于人工控制早、中熟苹果着色,以提高其市场竞争力。Abstract: Objective: To explore the changes of total polyphenol, anthocyanin, enzymes activity and gene expression in apple skin when the apples were spraied by 5- Aminolevulinic acid ( ALA) and Genistein ( GNT) . Methods: During the field experiments, 300mg·L- 1ALA, 21.62μg·L- 1GNT, and ALA + GNT were used to spray the‘Qinyang'apple when debagged, and determined the total polyphenol, anthocyanin, enzymes activity and gene expression in apple skin.Results: The red of apple skin deepen as the increase of anthocyanin content and relative gene expression quantity.The total polyphenol content reached the highest and polyphenol oxidase ( PPO) activity was lowest in which apple skin was spraied by ALA. The phenylalanin ammonia- lyase ( PAL) activity was not significant in the apples treated with GNT and ALA, but higher than the other three kinds of apples.Conclusion: ALA and GNT were conductive to the anthocyanin accumulation, so they can be used for promoting the coloration of early apples to improve market competitiveness.
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