Abstract: To obtain optimal technology conditions of microwave extraction of yellow pigment in wild Pyracantha fortuneana fruit residue, effects on the extraction of the microwave watt, solid-liquid ratio, extraction time and extraction times were experimented with ethanol as solvent, and the optimal conditions of the extraction were obtained by orthogonal experiment L9 (34) . The effects of the microwave extraction were compared with those of conventional solvent extraction. The results showed that the optimal conditions of microwave extraction were as follows:microwave watt 600 W, the ratio of sample to solvent 1∶10g/m L, extraction time 50 s, and extraction 4 times.The extraction ratio was 91.2%, the yield was 1.8% and the color value was 24.1. Compared with the conventional solvent method, the microwave method had advantages of less extraction time, less extraction times and higher purity. The general efficiency of microwave method was better than that of conventional solvent method.