Mitigative Effect of Grape Skin Extract on Arsenic-induced Small Intestinal Toxicity in a Mouse Model

ZHAO Danyu; YI Huilan

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2023040011

Volume 45 Issue 4

Feb. 2024

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Science and Technology of Food Industry > 2024 > 45(4): 305-312. > DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2023040011

ZHAO Danyu, YI Huilan. Mitigative Effect of Grape Skin Extract on Arsenic-induced Small Intestinal Toxicity in a Mouse Model[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2024, 45(4): 305−312. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2023040011.

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Mitigative Effect of Grape Skin Extract on Arsenic-induced Small Intestinal Toxicity in a Mouse Model

ZHAO Danyu^{1, 2,},
YI Huilan^1, ,

1.
School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
2.
Department of Gastroenterology, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Taiyuan 030012, China

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Received Date: April 02, 2023
Available Online: December 18, 2023

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Abstract

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the arsenic-induced small intestinal toxicity and the protective effect of grape skin extract (GSE) against arsenic toxicity. Methods: The small intestinal toxicity was induced by 10 mg/L arsenic via drinking water for 56 days, and was intervened with GSE (150 mg/kg bw and 300 mg/kg bw) by gavage every other day in mice. Small intestine tissue samples of mice were collected and observed by microscope. Glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and H₂O₂ contents, as well as total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) were determined by using commercial kits. qRT-PCR was used to detect expression levels of the tight junction genes and the inflammatory pathway IL-6/JAK2/STAT-3 genes. Results: The results showed that 56 days exposure to 10 mg/L arsenic via drinking water resulted in shortened and disordered intestinal villi, with large numbers of inflammatory cells infiltrating the mucosa propria and submucosa. GSH content and T-SOD activity decreased by 17.1% and 25.2%, while MDA and H₂O₂ contents increased by 68.8% and 54.3%, respectively (P<0.05) in the small intestinal tissue of arsenic-treated mice. The mRNA levels of IL-6, JAK2 and STAT-3 were upregulated in the small intestinal tissue of mice exposed to arsenic (P<0.05). Meanwhilethe mRNA levels of the ZO-1, ZO-2, occludin, claudin1 and claudin7 genes, which encode the key components of tight junction (TJ) complexes, were downregulated (P<0.05). However, the application of GSE (300 mg/kg bw) significantly alleviated the damage and inflammatory infiltration in small intestine. Compare to the As group, GSH content and T-SOD activity increased by 17.9% and 14.3%. MDA and H₂O₂ contents decreased by 33.8% and 25.4% (P<0.05). Arsenic-mediated gene expression in the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway was down-regulated (P<0.05). Moreover, the arsenic-induced down-regulation of TJ genes were markedly relieved in the As+GSE (300 mg/kg bw) group (P<0.05). The As+GSE (150 mg/kg bw) group had a certain alleviating effect on arsenic toxicity, but the difference had no statistical significance (P>0.05). Conclusion: The application of GSE provides significant protection against arsenic-induced small intestinal toxicity by attenuating the oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, and inhibiting the down-regulation of some functional genes.
- arsenic intake,
- small intestine toxicity,
- grape skin extract,
- oxidative stress,
- inflammatory response

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