摘要:
为探究米酒中真菌多样性,本研究采用MiSeq高通测序技术与多元统计学手段相结合的方法对采集自恩施地区的10个农家自酿米酒样品中真菌微生物进行了研究,结果表明该地米酒样品中的真菌门主要为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、毛霉亚门(Mucoromycotina)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota)、壶菌门(Chytridiomycota)和芽枝霉门(Blastocladiomycota),核心优势真菌属及其平均相对含量分别为复膜孢酵母属(Saccharomycopsis,62.44%)、根霉属(Rhizopus,20.28%)和淀粉菌(Amylomyces,4.42%);在对97%的相似度下划分的10627个操作分类单元(Operational taxonomic units,OTU)进行研究时发现OTU2793、OTU8553、OTU2342、OTU4367、OTU9019、OTU4274和OTU5981的累积平均相对含量高达80.64%且在各样品中均有分布,各样品中除含有大量的共有真菌菌群外亦含有独特的真菌类群;同时,在对样品差异进行分析时发现,采集的10个米酒样品大致可以分为两个聚类,且聚类Ⅰ样品真菌群落结构组内差异要显著高于聚类Ⅱ(p<0.05),而优势真菌属Saccharomycopsis、Rhizopus、Amylomyces和Poitrasia是造成米酒样品两个聚类微生物群落结构差异显著的关键真菌类群。
Abstract:
The fungal microbiota of rice wine samples,which collected from Enshi Hubei province,were revealed by MiSeq high throughput sequencing technologies. The results showed that Ascomycota,Mucoromycotina,Basidiomycota,Chytridiomycota and Blastocladiomycota were the main fungal phyla. At the genus level,Saccharomycopsis,Rhizopus and Amylomyces were the core dominant fungal genus,with average relative abundance of 62.44%,20.28% and 4.42%,respectively. Meanwhile,10627 OTUs were clustered with 97% similarity and OTU2793、OTU8553、OTU2342、OTU4367、OTU9019、OTU4274 and OTU5981 were shared by all samples with the cumulative average relative abundance of 80.64%.In addition to a large number of common fungal communities,the samples also contain unique fungal groups. It was also worth mentioning that 10 samples could be divided into two clusters based on fugal microflora,and the difference of fungal community structure in cluster Ⅰ was significantly higher than that in cluster Ⅱ(p<0.05). The result of Mann-Whitney test showed that Saccharomycopsis,Rhizopus,Amylomyces and Poitrasiawere identified as key fungal groups caused significant differences in the two microbial community structures of rice wine samples.
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