Analysis of Total Flavonoids in Different Parts of Wild Planting Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg and Comparison of Their Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Capacity

Objective: The content of total flavonoids, antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory capacity in different parts of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg which imitated wild planting were compared. Methods: Stems, leaves, root tubers and root whiskers of wild imitating-planted Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg were first extracted by alcohol extraction technology, and the content of total flavonoids was compared among different parts. Then DPPH free radical scavenging rate, ABTS⁺ free radical scavenging rate, hydroxyl free radical scavenging rate and ferric ion reducing power were used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of different parts of plants. Meanwhile, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cell inflammation model was established to compare anti-inflammatory ability of different parts of wild planting Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg by measuring the release of NO. Results: Under the optimal extraction conditions, the contents of total flavonoids in stem leaves, root tubers and root whiskers were 11.86±0.23, 8.48±0.10 and 7.52±0.02 mg·g⁻¹, respectively. A total of 10 common peaks of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg were identified by HPLC fingerprint. Rutin (peak 6), quercetin (peak 8) and kaempferol (peak 9) were identified via comparisons with reference standards. The content of the three indexes was the highest in roots, followed by stems and leaves. The IC₅₀ values of DPPH free radicals, ABTS⁺ free radicals and hydroxyl free radicals in different parts of the plant were detected, and the values of stem leaves were 0.2107, 0.2315 and 0.7625 mg/mL. Root tubers were 0.3134, 0.3758 and 0.8967 mg/mL. The roots were 0.2058, 0.2587 and 0.7856 mg/mL, respectively. The absorbance values of the reducing capacity of ferric ions in stem, tuber and root were 0.172, 0.153 and 0.184. Three parts of the wild imitating-wild plant were not toxic to RAW264.7 cells at the concentrations between 25~200 μg/mL and could effectively inhibit the release of NO induced by LPS that achieving a good anti-inflammatory effect. Conclusion: The results of this study provided a reference for the quality evaluation and a theoretical basis for waste recycling as well as subsequent whole resource development to the non-medicinal parts of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg from the wild.