Comparative Analysis on Cleaning Effect of Different Surface Treatment Equipments on Wheat

In order to deeply explore the cleaning degree of wheat grain surface by different cleaning equipments, FBPY-S-1 30 debranner and FDMW30×60 scourer were selected in this paper (with different rotor and stator structures). Three processes were used to treat raw wheat, including direct cleaning of the raw grain, first cleaning and tempering followed by second cleaning, and first tempering and then cleaning of the raw grain. The degree of wheat cleaning by the two kinds of equipments was compared by taking such indicators as increase of broken wheat grains, debranning rate and ash reduction as visual parameters to characterize the cleaning efficiency. The removal of wheat cortex by the two kinds of equipments was comprehensively analyzed based on the content of arabinoxylan and alkylresorcinol in wheat grain and the microstructure observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The hygienic changes of the two kinds of equipment to wheat grains were determined by determining the mycotoxins and microorganisms contents of wheat grains before and after treatment. The experimental results showed that the cleaning efficiency of the debranner was 3~4 times of that of the scourer, and the increase rate of broken wheat grains was less than half of that of the scourer. The debranner could slightly peel off 0.45%~0.63% of wheat bran, while the scourer had no effect on the thickness of wheat bran. The removal rate of mycotoxins and microorganisms by the debranner was nearly twice higher than that of the scourer, and the slight peeling treatment had no significant effect on the total starch and crude protein content of wheat (P>0.05). In different processes, the single peeling treatment of process I could achieve good dry cleaning results. However, the best cleaning effect of wheat was achieved by peeling before and after wheat moistening in process II. Compared with the raw grain before first cleaning, the impurity removal rate of this process was 1.93%, which could reduce the content of deoxynivalenol in wheat grains by 62%, the total aerobic plate content by 49%, and the number of coliforms content by 78%. In summary, the combination of peeling treatment of FBPY-S-1 30 Debranner and process II can achieve the best effect on cleaning raw grain wheat.