Optimization of Ultrasonic-Microwave Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from <i>Eucommia ulmoides</i> Leaves and Its Anticoagulant Activity <i>in Vitro</i>

CHEN Yanping; HE Juping; LIU Yi; YANG Wangen

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022100189

Volume 44 Issue 17

Aug. 2023

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Science and Technology of Food Industry > 2023 > 44(17): 202-211. > DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022100189

CHEN Yanping, HE Juping, LIU Yi, et al. Optimization of Ultrasonic-Microwave Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from Eucommia ulmoides Leaves and Its Anticoagulant Activity in Vitro[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2023, 44(17): 202−211. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022100189.

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Optimization of Ultrasonic-Microwave Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from Eucommia ulmoides Leaves and Its Anticoagulant Activity in Vitro

CHEN Yanping^1,,
HE Juping²,
LIU Yi³,
YANG Wangen^{1, 3, ,}

1.
Key Laboratory of Hunan Forest and Chemical Industry Engineering, Jishou University, Zhangjiajie 427000, China
2.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Food Resource Development and Quality Safe, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China
3.
Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research, Resource Mining and High-valued Utilization on Edible and Medicinal Plant, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China

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Received Date: October 18, 2022
Available Online: July 05, 2023

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Abstract

Abstract

To develop the rich resources of Eucommia ulmoides leaves in China, the optimal conditions of extracting polysaccharides from Eucommia ulmoides leaves by ultrasonic and microwave, the physicochemical properties and the anticoagulant activity in vitro of the extracted polysaccharides were studied. Firstly, the ranges of factors affecting the yield of polysaccharide, such as ultrasonic power, extraction temperature, microwave power, ratio of solid to liquid, extraction time, were determined by single factor experiment. The key factors were further screened by PlackettBurman test, and the Box-Behnken test was used to optimize the process conditions. Finally, the physicochemical properties, such as molecular weight and monosaccharide composition, and the anticoagulant indices, such as activated partial prothrombin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT) of the refined Eucommia ulmoides leaf polysaccharides, were analyzed. The results showed that the ratio of solid to liquid, the extraction time and the extraction temperature were the key factors. The optimal extraction conditions were the ultrasonic power of 130 W, the extraction temperature of 49 ℃, the microwave power of 200 W, the solid-liquid ratio of 1 to 30 (g:mL) and the extraction time of 20 min. Under these conditions, the actual yield of Eucommia ulmoides leaf polysaccharides was 4.02%±0.03%, close to the theoretical yield of 4.08%. The weight-average molecular mass (M_w) of the refined polysaccharide was 1653 kDa, and the composition and molar ratio of monosaccharide were 37.3% fructose, 35% glucose, 14.6% n-acetyl-d-glucosamine, 8.6% galactose and 4.4% arabinose. The results showed that the polysaccharides of Eucommia ulmoides leaves was β-type acidic polysaccharide. Compared with the negative control, the Eucommia ulmoides polysaccharides significantly increased APTT (P<0.01), and significantly increased PT and TT (P<0.01) at the concentration of 8 mg/mL, indicating that it mainly affected coagulation system through endogenous pathway, could also affect the coagulation process through exogenous and common pathways. This study could provide theoretical basis and technical reference for the high-value utilization of Eucommia ulmoides leaves in China.

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