Research Progress on the Regulation of Magnetic Field on the Growth and Development of Filamentous Fungi and the Synthesis of Metabolites

Magnetic field, as a ubiquitous environmental factor, affects the growth and metabolism of microorganisms. Filamentous fungi are important heterotrophic eukaryotes, which are widely used in food industry and biomedical field. At present, magnetic field treatment of filamentous fungi has become an important research target in industry, and Monascus, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus are typical strains commonly used by filamentous fungi. This paper introduces the research progress of magnetic field regulating the growth and metabolism of Monascus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and other filamentous fungi, analyzes the magnetic field effect of three kinds of filamentous fungi through different magnetic field types, action time, magnetic field intensity and other magnetic field parameters, and expounds the rule of influence of magnetic field on the growth and development of three typical filamentous fungi and their metabolites and metabolic relationship. The research idea of magnetic field regulating filamentous fungi metabolites in many aspects and at multiple levels is discussed. The next step will be to explain the mechanism of magnetic field on filamentous fungi mycelia morphology, enzyme structure changes and transcriptomics, which will provide a reference for exploring the mechanism of magnetic field regulating filamentous fungi metabolites synthesis, and provide a theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilization and development of filamentous fungi.