Effects of Acid and Alkali Cooking on Edible Quality of Lotus Rhizome

QI Yuhong; LIU Gongji; LIU Yanzhao; LI Jie; YAN Shoulei

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022080089

Volume 44 Issue 17

Aug. 2023

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Science and Technology of Food Industry > 2023 > 44(17): 8-17. > DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022080089

QI Yuhong, LIU Gongji, LIU Yanzhao, et al. Effects of Acid and Alkali Cooking on Edible Quality of Lotus Rhizome[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2023, 44(17): 8−17. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022080089.

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Effects of Acid and Alkali Cooking on Edible Quality of Lotus Rhizome

QI Yuhong^1,,
LIU Gongji¹,
LIU Yanzhao¹,
LI Jie¹,
YAN Shoulei^{1, 2, 3, ,}

1.
College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
2.
Aquatic Vegetables Preservation and Processing Technology Engineering Center Wuhan of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
3.
Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China

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Received Date: August 09, 2022
Available Online: June 27, 2023

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Abstract

Abstract

Acetic acid (AA) and sodium bicarbonate (SB) are commonly used as additives for regulating the texture of fruits and vegetables. However, the effects on the nutritional quality of lotus rhizome during texture modification are not well-understood. In this study, with distilled water as control group, the effects of cooking with 0.1% acetic acid (v/v) and 0.1% sodium bicarbonate (w/v) on the hardness, color, vitamin C, total phenol and digestion of lotus rhizome were investigated. The flavor components of lotus rhizome treated with sodium bicarbonate were also analyzed. The results showed that AA treatment could significantly improved the cooking hardness of lotus rhizome while keeping its white color, but SB-cooking significantly reduced the hardness of lotus rhizome and possessed a reddish color. The highest total phenol (about 1300 μg/g) and V_C content (about 0.3 mg/g) were found in fresh sample. Cooking resulted in a significant decrease in the total phenol and V_C content, with no significant difference observed between distilled water and sodium bicarbonate treatment groups except for the higher total phenol content of AA-treated group (about 900 μg/g). SB treatment altered the digestion and absorption pattern of lotus rhizome, resulting in a lower level of total carbohydrate in the gastric digestive juices (about 300 g/L). Less differences were found between the distilled water and AA treatment, while in the simulated intestinal digestion, the total carbohydrate levels of both remained high. The results of electron nose and solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) showed that the volatile components of lotus rhizome flavor mainly included dimethyl sulfide, n-octanal, nonanal, and sunflower aldehyde, etc. The dimethyl sulfide as well as esters of lotus rhizome were increased after SB treatment. Acid and alkaline cooking had opposite effects on the hardness and color of lotus rhizome, but did not significantly alter the total phenol and V_C contents. Instead of distilled water, cooking with acetic acid did not significantly alter the in vitro gastrointestinal digestion pattern, but alkaline cooking concentrated the carbohydrate digestion utilization in the intestinal digestion phase. The organic acids and esters produced by sodium bicarbonate cooking and the elevated dimethyl sulfide content formed the special flavor of alkali-cooked lotus rhizome.
- lotus rhizome,
- cooking,
- edible equality,
- flavor,
- solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS)

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References

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