Improvement Effect of Blueberry Anthocyanin on Liver and Kidney Injury in Type 2 Diabetic Mice

Objective: To discuss the improvement effect of blueberry anthocyanins (BA) on liver and kidney tissue injury in type 2 diabetic mice. Methods: Type 2 diabetic mouse model was established by high-fat and high-sugar diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of Streptozocin (STZ). Established normal control group, diabetes mellitus group, metformin hydrochloride group (250 mg/kg), blueberry anthocyanin group low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg), and continued feeding for 4 weeks. The mice were sacrificed. The organ index was measured, the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum and the content of serum creatinine (Scr) and urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured. Liver and kidney were obtained for determining, including malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels. Liver and kidney HE stained pathological sections were made to observe the liver and kidney histopathological changes. Results: BA significantly decreased liver and kidney organ index (P<0.05). The activities of ALT and AST in serum were inhibited (P<0.01), and the contents of Scr and BUN in serum were decreased (P<0.01). The activities of SOD and GSH-Px in liver and kidney tissues were increased (P<0.05), and the content of MDA was decreased. Histopathological observation showed that BA alleviated the pathological damage of these organs, and the higher the dose, the more obvious the effect. Conclusion: BA had strong antioxidant activity, could improve liver and kidney function, and also had a certain repair effect on liver and kidney damage caused by type 2 diabetes, so it could be used as a potential functional food to prevent diabetes and its complications.