Analysis and Evaluation of Nutrient Components, Bioactive Substances and Heavy Metal Content of Stropharia rugosoannulata in Bo’ai County

This study systematically determined the nutrient components, bioactive substances and heavy metal content of Stropharia rugosoannulata in Bo’ai County, and its nutritional value was analyzed and evaluated. The nutrient components, mineral elements, vitamins, amino acid composition, bioactive substances and heavy metal content of Stropharia rugosoannulata were determined using national standards and conventional inspection methods. The results showed that the contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, crude fiber, carbohydrates, total sugars, reducing sugars, polysaccharides and total triterpenes in the tested Stropharia rugosoannulata were 11.43%±0.15%, 8.47%±0.15%, 34.17%±3.17%, 1.33%±0.25%, 7.30%±0.30%, 45.17%±3.75%, 36.67%±2.40%, 3.53%±0.31%, 13.18%±0.05% and 1.420%±0.005%, respectively. It contained 18 kinds of amino acids, of which isoleucine was as high as 6.32±0.42 mg/100 g, accounting for 33.54%±2.92% of the total amino acids, and the content of 8 essential amino acids for the human body was 11.70±0.91 mg/100 g. The E/T was 61.94% and the E/N was 162.73%, which were better than the ideal protein model proposed by FAO/WHO. It contained many kinds of mineral elements, and was rich in content including some constant elements necessary for the human body such as Na, K, Mg, P, Ca, etc. and some trace elements such as Fe, Zn, Mn, Se, Cu, etc. The content of the constant elements was more than 1000 mg/kg, and selenium as high as 2.57±0.47 mg/kg. It was rich in six group-B vitamins including B₂, B₆, B₁₂, folic acid, niacin, especially the content of niacin was as high as 392.053±17.200 mg/kg. The content of total lead, total mercury and cadmium were all within the limits range of national food safety standards except total arsenic. Bo'ai Stropharia rugosoannulata was a good raw material for eating and developing into health food, which was high in protein, low in fat and fiber, and rich in mineral elements and B-group vitamins, had a reasonable amino acid composition, and contained water-soluble polysaccharides, triterpenoids and other biologically active substances.