Evaluation of Nutritional Quality and Antioxidant Properties of Inner and Outer Scales of 7 Species of Lilies

In order to study the differences in the comprehensive quality of nutrients in lily bulbs of different species, the internal and external bulbs of seven species of lilies from L. davidii var. unicolor, L. brownii, L. davidii var. unicolor, L. regale Wilson, Lilium leucanthum (Baker), L. lancifolium Thunb. and L. davidii Duchartre were used for the study. The protein, total acid, soluble sugar, eight mineral elements, total phenols and antioxidant activity of the internal and external bulbs were compared, and the nutritional quality of lily bulbs was comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis and cluster analysis characteristics. The results showed that there were significant differences in the quality of inner and outer scales among different varieties. The soluble sugar content of inner scales of L. davidii Duchartre was the highest and the protein content of outer scales was also the highest, 37.45 mg/g, which was 2.8 times of inner scales of L. davidii var. unicolor ensembles. The mineral content of L. lancifolium Thunb. was relatively rich. The content of total phenolics in inner scales of different varieties was lower than that in outer scales. The antioxidant capacity of outer scales of L. regale Wilson was the strongest, with an average value of 11.22 Trolox μg/g DW. Five principal components were extracted by principal component analysis, and the cumulative contribution rate was 86.561%, which reflected the comprehensive information of nutritional quality. The top three comprehensive scores were outer scales of L. regale Wilson, inner scales of Lilium leucanthum (Baker) and outer scales of L. lancifolium Thunb. The results of cluster analysis and principal component analysis were similar, which indicated that the two analysis methods could distinguish different lily varieties and reflect the differences between different lily varieties. This study could provide a scientific reference for lily germplasm screening, quality evaluation, comprehensive utilization of lily resources and product development.