Optimization of Ultrasound-Microwave Assisted Extraction of Melanin from Auricularia auricula-judae by Response Surface Methodology
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Graphical Abstract
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Abstract
The ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction(UMAE) of melanin from Auricularia auricula-judae powder was studied in this study. The effects of particle size, ultrasonic power, microwave power and ultrasound-microwave combined action time on the extraction of melanin from A. auricula-judae powder were investigated by single factor experiment, and the process conditions were optimized by response surface methodology.Compared with the traditional solvent extraction method and ultrasound assisted extraction method, combined with scanning electron microscope (SEM), the damage degree of different extraction methods on the structure of A. auricula-judae dry powder was observed, so as to verify the advantages of ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction of A. auricula-judae melanin.The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions were as follows: Ultrasonic power 398 W, microwave power 392 W, combined action time 31 min. Under these conditions, the absorbance of A. auricula-judae melanin was 0.984, and the yield reached 9.10%. Compared with the traditional solvent extraction method (7.20%) and ultrasound-assisted extraction method (5.2%), the extraction yield of Auricularia auricula melanin increased by 26.38% and 75.00%, respectively. Compared the SEM images of the tissue of A. auricula-judae with different extraction methods, it was shown that the tissue structure of A. auricula-judae was seriously damaged after ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction. The results confirmed that the method of ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction of A. auricula-judae melanin could save the amount of solvent compared with the traditional solvent method, reduce the time spent compared with the ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction method, and improve the yield of A. auricula-judae melanin.
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