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中国精品科技期刊2020
吴丽,张源,唐春红,等. 全麦面条对2型糖尿病大鼠生化指标及病理组织学的影响[J]. 食品工业科技,2025,46(3):1−8. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024030144.
引用本文: 吴丽,张源,唐春红,等. 全麦面条对2型糖尿病大鼠生化指标及病理组织学的影响[J]. 食品工业科技,2025,46(3):1−8. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024030144.
WU Li, ZHANG Yuan, TANG Chunhong, et al. Effect of Whole Wheat Noodles on Biochemical Indexes and Histopathology of Type 2 Diabetic Rats[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2025, 46(3): 1−8. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024030144.
Citation: WU Li, ZHANG Yuan, TANG Chunhong, et al. Effect of Whole Wheat Noodles on Biochemical Indexes and Histopathology of Type 2 Diabetic Rats[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2025, 46(3): 1−8. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024030144.

全麦面条对2型糖尿病大鼠生化指标及病理组织学的影响

Effect of Whole Wheat Noodles on Biochemical Indexes and Histopathology of Type 2 Diabetic Rats

  • 摘要: 目的:探究全麦面条对2型糖尿病(T2DM)大鼠生化指标及病理组织学的影响。方法:SD大鼠连续喂养8周后,随机分为正常组和高脂组,高脂组一次性腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)溶液建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型,然后分别用低、中、高剂量的全麦面条饲料干预糖尿病大鼠8周,定期测定大鼠的体重、饮食饮水量;并采用尾部采血法测定空腹血糖值,采用试剂盒测定血脂生化指标及血清氧化应激水平;大鼠解剖后取出肝脏、肾脏和胰腺组织,测定脏器指数,进行切片染色后生物显微镜观察脏器病理组织学形态变化。结果:与模型组相比,全麦面条干预能显著减缓糖尿病大鼠体重减轻的症状(P<0.05),减少糖尿病大鼠的饮食饮水量(P<0.01),降低糖尿病大鼠的血糖值(P<0.01),高剂量组效果最好,血糖值降低44.87%;使大鼠血清中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)含量极显著降低(P<0.01),高剂量分别降低53.09%、79.58%和45.11%,高密度脂蛋白HDL-C含量增加,高剂量组显著增加21.83%(P<0.05);T-AOC、SOD活性、GSH-Px活性、CAT活性显著增加(P<0.05),MDA含量极显著降低(P<0.01);肝脏和肾脏系数极显著降低(P<0.01),高剂量组分别下降19.92%和16.42%,胰腺系数没有显著性差异(P>0.05);肝细胞炎症细胞浸润现象改善,肾小球基底膜均质性增厚及肾小球系膜基质增多情况改善,胰岛形态更加完整,自溶现象改善。结论:全麦面条对2型糖尿病具有较好的干预效果,可以通过减缓体重减轻,降低血糖值,调节脂质代谢及机体的氧化应激水平,消除脏器炎症水肿,恢复脏器细胞损伤多个方面进行改善。

     

    Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effects of whole wheat noodles on biochemical indexes and histopathology of type 2 diabetic (T2DM) rats. Methods: SD rats were fed continuously for 8 weeks and then randomly divided into normal and high-fat groups. The high-fat group was injected intraperitoneally with streptozotocin (STZ) solution at one time to establish a type 2 diabetic rat model. Then, the diabetic rats were intervened with low, medium, and high doses of whole wheat noodles feed for 8 weeks, respectively. The body weights, dietary intake, and drinking volume of the rats were measured regularly. Fasting glucose value was measured by the tail blood sampling method, and the kit was used to measure the blood lipid biochemical indexes and serum oxidative stress levels. Rats were dissected, and liver, kidney, and pancreas tissues were removed to determine the organ indexes. Section staining was performed, followed by biomicroscopic observation of organ histopathological changes. Results: Compared with the model group, whole wheat noodles intervention significantly slowed down the symptoms of weight loss in diabetic rats (P<0.05), reduced dietary and water intake in diabetic rats (P<0.01), and lowered blood glucose values in diabetic rats (P<0.01), with the best effect in the high-dose group, with a reduction of blood glucose values by 44.87%. It also extremely significantly reduced the serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) (P<0.01), with reductions of 53.09%, 79.58%, and 45.11%, respectively, in the high-dose group. Additionally, it increased the content of high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), with a significant increase of 21.83% in the high-dose group (P<0.05). The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, and catalase (CAT) activity significantly increased (P<0.05), while the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) extremely significant decreased (P<0.01). Liver and kidney coefficients were extremely significant decreased (P<0.01), by 19.92% and 16.42% in the high-dose group, respectively, and pancreas coefficients showed no significant difference (P>0.05). The phenomenon of inflammatory cell infiltration in hepatocytes improved, homogeneous thickening of glomerular basement membranes and the increase in the stroma of glomerular tethered membranes were ameliorated, and the morphology of islets showed improvement with reduced autolysis phenomenon. Conclusion: Whole wheat noodle has a significant intervention effect on type 2 diabetes mellitus, manifested in slowing down weight loss, lowering blood glucose values, regulating lipid metabolism and oxidative stress levels in the body, eliminating inflammatory edema in the organs, and restoring cellular damage of the organs in several ways.

     

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