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中国精品科技期刊2020
游小妹,韩奥迪,李鑫磊,等. 黄化茶树新品种‘茗冠’多茶类品质差异分析[J]. 食品工业科技,2023,44(23):287−297. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2023020051.
引用本文: 游小妹,韩奥迪,李鑫磊,等. 黄化茶树新品种‘茗冠’多茶类品质差异分析[J]. 食品工业科技,2023,44(23):287−297. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2023020051.
YOU Xiaomei, HAN Aodi, LI Xinlei, et al. Analysis of Metabolites Difference of the Albino Tea Tree Variety 'Ming Guan'[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2023, 44(23): 287−297. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2023020051.
Citation: YOU Xiaomei, HAN Aodi, LI Xinlei, et al. Analysis of Metabolites Difference of the Albino Tea Tree Variety 'Ming Guan'[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2023, 44(23): 287−297. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2023020051.

黄化茶树新品种‘茗冠’多茶类品质差异分析

Analysis of Metabolites Difference of the Albino Tea Tree Variety 'Ming Guan'

  • 摘要: ‘茗冠’是从白鸡冠后代选育出的优良黄化茶树新品种,为探究‘茗冠’多茶类的品质差异,以茗冠鲜叶为原料,按照绿茶、红茶、白茶加工方法制成相应茶类,进行感官品质审评和香气、滋味分析。结果表明,茗冠绿茶香气呈嫩香,花果香显,滋味醇厚;茗冠红茶香气呈甜香,花香显,滋味甜醇;茗冠白茶香气毫香,花香馥郁,滋味鲜爽,不同工艺加工的茗冠茶各自带有独特的花香特征。在茗冠绿茶的香气成分中,具有花香的萜类香气成分相对含量较大,其次是具有果香的酯类香气成分,对茗冠绿茶香气的形成具有重要作用。茗冠绿茶的代表性香气成分为己酸叶醇酯、己酸-3-己烯酯、己酸-2-己烯酯、橙花叔醇、丁酸叶醇酯、橄榄醇、α-法呢烯,代表性成分以具有果香的酯类物质和具有花果香的醇类物质为主,造就了茗冠绿茶花果香显的品种特性;在茗冠红茶的香气成分中,具有花香的萜类香气和醇类香气成分相对含量较大,对其香气的形成具有重要作用。茗冠红茶中代表性组分为二氢芳樟醇、α-柏木烯、β-紫罗兰酮、γ-杜松烯、十六酸甲酯、苯甲醛,代表性成分以具有花香、甜香的萜类物质和醇类物质为主,造就了茗冠红茶花香且带有甜香的品种特性;在MGB的香气成分中,具有花香的萜类香气成分和醇类香气成分相对含量较大,对其香气的形成具有重要作用。茗冠白茶中代表性组分为香叶醇、月桂烯、3-蒈烯、乙酸芳樟酯、芳樟醇,代表性成分以具有花香的醇类和萜类物质为主。茗冠绿茶、茗冠红茶和茗冠白茶非挥发性组分整体差别较大,茗冠绿茶中的儿茶素类化合物、花青素类和部分黄酮醇和黄酮糖苷类(槲皮素-3-O-半乳糖苷、槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖苷、槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖苷-7-O-鼠李糖苷等)等化合物相对含量总体高于茗冠红茶和茗冠白茶;茗冠红茶中的茶黄素类、酚酸类和少部分黄酮醇和黄酮糖苷类化合物(牡荆素-2-O-半乳糖苷、牡荆素-2''-O-鼠李糖苷、芹菜素-6,8-二-C-葡萄糖苷、芹菜素-6-C-葡萄糖苷等)及部分氨基酸类化合物(L-苯丙氨酸、L-色氨酸、L-异亮氨酸、L-缬氨酸、L-天冬氨酸)等化合物相对含量高于茗冠绿茶和茗冠白茶;茗冠白茶中的部分氨基酸类化合物(L-精氨酸、L-谷氨酰胺、L-赖氨酸、L-组氨酸、L-酪氨酸)相对含量高于茗冠绿茶和茗冠红茶。

     

    Abstract: ‘Ming guan’ is a new excellent albino tea variety bred from the descendants of Bai jiguan. In order to explore the quality difference of Ming guan multi tea processing, the fresh leaves of Ming guan were used as raw materials to make the corresponding tea types according to the processing methods of green tea, black tea and white tea, and sensory quality evaluation, aroma and taste analysis were conducted. The results showed that the aroma of Ming guan green tea was tender, floral and fruity, with a mellow taste, the aroma of Ming guan black tea was sweet, floral, with a sweet taste, the aroma of Ming guan white tea was millets, floral, with a fresh taste, and the different processes of Ming guan tea had their own unique floral characteristics. Among the aroma components of Ming guan green tea, terpene aroma components with floral aroma were relatively more abundant, followed by ester aroma components with fruit aroma, which played an important role in the formation of the aroma of Ming guan green tea. The representative aroma components of Ming guan green tea were leaf alcohol ester of foliol caproate, 3-hexenyl caproate, 2-hexenyl caproate, nerolidol, leaf alcohol ester of butyric acid, olivetol and α-farnesene, the representative components of which were mainly esters with fruity aroma and alcohols with floral and fruity aroma, creating the characteristic of Ming guan green tea floral and fruity varieties. The representative components of Ming guan black tea were dihydrolinalool, α-cephalene, β-Ionone, γ-cadinene, methyl hexadecanoic acid and benzaldehyde, which were mainly terpenes and alcohols with floral and sweet aromas, contributing to the floral and sweet aromatic characteristics of Ming guan black tea. The representative components of Ming guan white tea were geraniol, myrcene, 3-carene, linalyl acetate and linalool, and the representative components are mainly alcohols and terpenes with floral aroma. The non-volatile components of Ming guan green tea, Ming guan black tea and Ming guan white tea vary greatly overall. The content of catechins, anthocyanins, some flavonols and flavonoid glycosides (quercetin-3-O-galactoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside 7-O-rhamnoside, etc.) in Ming guan green tea was generally higher than that in Ming guan black tea and Ming guan white tea. The contents of theaflavins, phenolic acids, a few flavonol and flavonoid glycoside compounds (vitexin-2-O-galactoside, vitexin-2-O-rhamnoside, apigenin-6,8-di-C-glucoside, apigenin-6-C-glucoside, etc.) and some amino acid compounds (L-phenylalanine, L-tryptophan, L-isoleucine, L-valine, L-aspartic acid) in Ming guan black tea were higher than those in Ming guan green tea and Ming guan white tea.The content of some amino acid compounds (L-arginine, L-glutamine, L-lysine, L-histidine, L-tyrosine) in Ming guan white tea was higher than that in Ming guan green tea and Ming guan black tea, which may be affected by different processing technologies. This study could provide a theoretical basis for a comprehensive understanding of the chemical basis and quality differences of Ming guan green tea, Ming guan black tea and Ming guan white tea.

     

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