Abstract: Realizing nondestructive testing for traceability of the origin of agricultural products is an important way to establish a traceability system for the quality and safety of agricultural products, and an effective means to guarantee the quality of food safety and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. Compared with traditional testing methods, nondestructive testing technology is widely used in the field of food traceability because it can achieve the advantages of obtaining internal and external effective information without damaging the inspected samples. This paper provides an overview of NIR spectroscopy, NIR testing, and NIR testing. In this paper, the principles of three spectral detection techniques, namely, near-infrared spectroscopy, hyperspectral imaging and Raman spectroscopy, and their latest applications in the origin traceability of different types of edible agricultural products are outlined, and the feasibility of each spectral detection technique in the origin identification of agricultural products is concluded. At the same time, the future research directions are prospected in order to provide theoretical references for the research of nondestructive testing technology system for origin traceability of agricultural products.