Abstract: The frying and roasting cooking process is an important part of the food processing method. Because of their unique color, flavor and texture, fried and roasted foods are becoming more and more popular. Studies have found that while giving unique color and texture, due to the higher temperature, many harmful substances, such as heterocyclic amines, acrylamide and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were produced, which are harmful to human health. In this study, the exploration of formation mechanism, influencing factors and restraining strategies of hazards in the process of frying and roasting are analyzed and discussed. More scientific and reasonable cooking methods are expected to be proposed based on the investigation, which will show important guiding significance for consumers' healthy diet.