Physicochemical Properties and Their Correlation of Starches from Eight Sweet Potato Cultivars
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摘要: 以8个品种甘薯淀粉为研究对象，研究了甘薯淀粉的颗粒形态、粒径大小和结晶特性等结构特性，糊化特性、凝胶质构、溶解度、膨胀度和冻融稳定性等功能特性，并分析了甘薯淀粉结构与功能特性间的相关性。结果表明，不同品种甘薯淀粉的直链淀粉含量不同，其颗粒形态在不同品种间没有明显差异，均具有典型的A型衍射图谱；淀粉粒径大小和糊化参数在不同品种间差异明显。甘薯淀粉的溶解度和膨胀度与温度有关，均随温度的上升而增大。相关性分析表明，直链淀粉含量与回生值、硬度、胶着性、咀嚼性、析水率均呈显著正相关（r=0.807，0.721，0.722，0.734，0.803，P<0.05），与凝胶回复性呈显著负相关（r=-0.832，P<0.05）。平均粒径与内聚性、膨胀度呈显著负相关（r=-0.762，-0.775，P<0.05）。此外，甘薯淀粉糊的回生值与凝胶硬度、胶着性和咀嚼性均呈显著正相关（P<0.05），而与内聚性呈显著负相关（P<0.05）。本研究结果可为甘薯淀粉的精深加工和具体应用领域的甘薯淀粉选择提供一定的科学依据。Abstract: The starches obtained from 8 different sweet potato cultivars were used as materials,the structural characteristics(the shape and size of granule,and crystallization)was explored. Simultaneously,the functional properties(pasting properties,gel texture,solubility,swelling ability and freeze-thaw stability)were investigated. Subsequently,the correlation between them was analyzed. Results showed that,the amylose contents of sweet potato starch(SPS)samples were different among cultivars. There was no significant difference in particle morphology among different varieties,and they all had typical A-type diffraction patterns. The starches differed in their mean granule sizes and gelatinization parameters. The solubility and swelling power of SPS increased along with the increasing of temperature. With the increasing of freeze-thaw cycles,the syneresis of starch gel rose. Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated that amylose content was positively correlated to setback,hardness,gumminess,chewiness,and syneresis(r=0.807,0.721,0.722,0.734 and 0.803,respectively,P<0.05). While it was much negatively correlated to resilience(r=-0.832,P<0.05). The average size of starch granules was negatively correlated tocohesiveness and swelling power(r=-0.762,-0.775,respectively,P<0.05).In addition,setback of pasting was positively significantly(P<0.05)correlated to the hardness,gumminess,and chewiness of gel,while it was negatively significantly(P<0.05)correlated to cohesiveness. These results could provide some scientific basis for the deep-processing and the selection of SPS in specific application fields.
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