Abstract: This article focused on the regulation of astaxanthin lipid emulsion(ASTE)on high-fat diet-induced gut microbiota disturbance. 32 C57/BL6J male mice were randomly divided into normal group(N),model group(M),astaxanthin group(MA)and astaxanthin lipid emulsion group(MAL). The mice were fed with 45% high-fat diet for 56 d to establish a high-fat model. After continuous gavage of astaxanthin(AST)or ASTE at 30 mg/(kg·bw)for 28 d,the contents of the colon were taken and total DNA was extracted. The gut microbiota was detected and analyzed by metagenome sequencing technology and bioinformatics analysis software. The results showed that high-fat diets caused a significant decrease in the gut microbiota α-diversity in mice by 8.00%(P<0.05),and AST and ASTE could restore the diversity. In addition,ASTE could regulate the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,Clostridiales,Oscillospiraceae related to lipid-lowering and weight-loss. It was speculated that it could improve host lipid metabolism by affecting the structure and function of gut microbiota. This research lays a theoretical foundation for the development of health foods with ASTE as the functional factor.