Optimization Processing,Physicochemical Properties and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Onchidium struma Polysaccharides
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摘要: 以瘤背石磺为研究对象,采用超声辅助提取法,以单因素实验结合响应面法优化瘤背石磺多糖提取工艺。对比三种脱蛋白方法(Sevage试剂法、酶法及酶-Sevage法),探究纯化瘤背石磺多糖的最佳脱蛋白条件。对瘤背石磺多糖进行紫外光谱、红外光谱、单糖组成及相对分子质量等结构测定并考察其α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。结果表明:瘤背石磺多糖在提取温度90℃,提取时间76 min,超声功率753 W条件下,得率最高,为10.19%;酶-Sevage法蛋白脱除率98.52%,多糖保留率96.50%,是三种脱蛋白中效果最好的方法。瘤背石磺多糖具有多糖的特征吸收峰和特征紫外谱线,由甘露糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖和岩藻糖组成;平均相对分子质量为1.34×106 Da。在浓度为50 μg/mL时,瘤背石磺多糖对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率达81.9%,高于阿卡波糖。本研究为瘤背石磺多糖的高值化利用提供一定的理论依据。Abstract: Using ultrasound-assisted extraction,the optimum extraction process of polysaccharides from Onchidium struma was optimized by response surface method combined with single factor experiment. Three methods of deproteinization(Sevage reagent method,enzymatic method and enzymatic-sevage method)were compared to inquiry the best deproteinization conditions. UV,IR,monosaccharide composition and molecular weight of polysaccharides were analyzed and inhibition activities of α-glucosidase were investigated. Results showed that,when the extraction temperature was 90℃,the extraction time was 76 min,and the ultrasonic power was 753 W,the polysaccharide yield was 10.19%. The best deproteinization effect was obtained by enzymatic-sevage method,protein removal rate was 98.52%,polysaccharide retention rate was 96.50%. Polysaccharides existed the characteristic absorption peaks and the trend of ultraviolet spectra. Monosaccharides consisted of mannose,rhamnose,glucuronic acid,galacturonic acid,glucose and fucose with 1.34×106 Da average molecular weight. At the concentration of 50 μg/mL,the inhibition rate of α-glucosidase was 81.9%,slightly higher than that of acarbose. This study provides a theoretical basis for the high-value utilization of Onchidium struma polysaccharides.
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