巴氏杀菌、CaCl2的添加量及压榨压强对牛乳Halloumi干酪得率及品质的影响
Effects of Pasteurization Method,Calcium Chloride and Squeeze Pressure on Yields and Quality of Bovine Halloumi Cheese
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摘要: 本实验探究了巴氏杀菌方式、CaCl2的添加量及压榨压强对Halloumi得率、理化、质构及感官品质的影响。结果表明:采用65 ℃,30 min巴氏杀菌方式,Halloumi的得率可达11.67%,蛋白含量可达21.20%,显著高于75 ℃,15 s条件下的结果(p<0.05);CaCl2的添加量为0.015%时,Halloumi的得率最高(11.80%),同时其弹性和凝聚性最强,感官得分最高;随着压榨压强的增大,Halloumi的蛋白和水分流失加速,得率降低,而采用分级压榨(先0.2 MPa预压20 min,后0.6 MPa压榨40 min)的方式时,Halloumi的得率、蛋白及水分含量分别为11.96%、21.46%和49.41%,为最佳品质。因此,在巴氏杀菌条件为65 ℃,30 min,CaCl2的添加量为0.015%,压榨方式为分级压榨(先0.2 MPa预压20 min,后0.6 MPa压榨40 min)时,Halloumi的得率最高,品质最佳,该结论可为Halloumi的工业化生产提供理论依据。Abstract: Effects of pasteurization method,calcium chloride and squeeze pressure on the yield,physicochemical composition,texture and sensory quality of Halloumi cheese were investigated. The results showed that under the 65℃,30 min pasteurization condition,the yield and protein content of Halloumi cheese reached 11.67% and 21.20%,respectively,which were significantly higher than that under the 75℃,15 s condition (p<0.05). When the addition of calcium chloride was 0.015%,the highest yield (11.80%),springiness,cohesiveness and texture quality of Halloumi cheese were obtained. Besides,higher squeeze pressure resulted in lower protein and moisture content and meanwhile the lower yield. However,when a stepwise pressure (prepress for 20 minutes at 0.2 MPa and then press for 40 minutes at 0.6 MPa) was applied,the yield and protein and moisture content of Halloumi cheese reached 11.96%,21.46% and 49.41%,respectively. Therefore,when the pasteurization method was 65℃,30 min,the addition of calcium chloride was 0.015%,and the pressing method was a stepwise pressure (cheeses were treated at 0.2 MPa for 20 minutes and then treated at 0.6 MPa for 40 minutes),Halloumi cheese had the highest yield and the best quality. This conclusion can provide a reference for the industrial production of Halloumi cheese.