Abstract: The objective of this study was to optimiz extraction process of chemical leaching of P. rockii seeds.Using P. rockii seeds as raw materials,experiment process was designed by the single factor experiment and response surface central united. The results showed that the optimized extraction process of P. rockii seed oil using were:extraction time 5.2 h at(52±1) ℃ with a ratio of 1∶6.2 of solid to liquid by g/m L,resulting oil yield of31.36% from P. rockii seed oil. The oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Eighteen volatile components were separated and identified,the essential component of fatty acids were linolenic acid,linoleic acid oleic acid and palmitic acid. The linolenic acid was the main ingredient,the content of linolenic acid was 65.23%. The gross of unsaturated fatty acid reached 96.62%,saturated fatty acids accounted for 3.38%. The P. rockii with high content in yield and unsaturated fatty acid,the compositions and content of fatty acid comfort healthy oil standards.