摘要:
以从小麦、玉米、大米、大麦等作物中分离得到的12株不同种类的镰刀菌菌株为研究对象,探究不同温度和p H对其生长及产毒的影响。结果表明,镰刀菌在10~35℃和p H3~11范围内均能够生长,最适温度为20~30℃,最适p H为6~8。供试镰刀菌能够产生的毒素主要为A型单端孢霉烯族毒素、B型单端孢霉烯族毒素、伏马毒素和镰刀菌酸,产毒温度为5~40℃,但不同菌株的最适产毒温度存在差异;产毒过程受p H影响较大,过酸(p H3~5)及过碱(p H9~11)的条件下均未检测到任何毒素。总体上看,不同种类镰刀菌产毒类型存在差异,毒素产量受温度和p H影响比生长更大,且大多数菌株的生长与产毒最适条件并不一致。
关键词:
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镰刀菌
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温度
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p H
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生长
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产毒
Abstract:
In order to investigate the influences of temperature and p H value on the growth and mycotoxins production of various Fusarium species,a total of 12 strains,which isolated from wheat,maize,rice and barley,were studied in present study. The results showed that a wide range of 10~35 ℃ and p H3~11 suitable for their growth were observed,and the optimum temperatures and p H values range were 20 ~30 ℃ and p H6 ~8.Different types of mycotoxins including type-A trichothecenes,type-B trichothecenes,fumonisins and fusaric acid were produced by the Fusarium investigated in current study. The temperature for the mycotoxins production was in the range of 5~40 ℃. The mycotoxin production were significantly affected by the variation in p H values,and peracid(p H3~5) or parlkaline(p H9~11) conditions would inhibit mycotoxins synthesis. On the whole,the mycotoxins production profiles were various between different Fusarium species,and more effects of temperature and p H values were observed on the mycotoxins production than that on the growth of fungi. For most Fusarium strains,the optimum conditions for mycotoxins production were inconsistent with the Fusarium growth itself.
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