摘要:
目的:为防制肉鸡屠宰分割环节产品的微生物污染。方法:调查肉鸡胴体分割车间环境的菌落总数和分割后鸡腿产品表面的菌落总数、假单胞菌、大肠菌群、肠球菌数量以及检测其金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌污染情况;通过正交实验优化淋洗条件。结果:在分割前、中、后期,分割车间的加工用水、空气中细菌数均未超过国家标准,但接触面污染较为严重,大多处于不可接受水平;分割后鸡腿产品表面污染的菌落总数、假单胞菌、大肠菌群和肠球菌数量分别为3.85~4.17、3.14~3.87、2.86~3.68、1.07~1.82lg(cfu/cm2),金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌的检出率分别为46.67%、14.17%;减菌的最适宜条件为乳酸浓度0.5%(w/v)、柠檬酸浓度1.0%(w/v)、冲淋时间30s,可减少菌落总数1.97lg(cfu/cm2),且减菌处理对其色泽、气味以及加热后肉汤滋味几乎无影响,最终鸡腿产品中菌落总数为2.20lg(cfu/cm2)。结论:肉鸡胴体分割车间环境以及分割后鸡腿细菌污染较严重,且存在致病菌污染;乳酸结合柠檬酸冲淋可明显减少分割后鸡腿表面的菌落总数。
Abstract:
Objective: To prevent the microbial contamination of the process of broiler slaughtering. Methods:Investigation of total bacterial count of carcass in workshop environment during segmentation and the number of colonies,Eseudomonas,Coliforms and Enterococcus after segmentation of products and detection of the situation of Staphylococcus aureus,Salmonella of them in the study. And the orthogonal experimental design was investigated to optimize the conditions of the drenching. Results: During the segmentation process,the number of bacteria in the air and process water did not exceed the national standard,but the contact surface pollution was more serious,mostly in unacceptable levels. After segmentation the number of colonies,Pseudomonas,counts of Coliforms and Enterococcus were 3.85 ~ 4.17,3.14 ~ 3.87,2.86 ~ 3.68,1.07 ~ 1.82lg( cfu / cm2) on chicken products surfaces.The detection rates of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella were respectively 46.67%,14.17%. The suitable conditions for the reduced colonies were 0.5%( w / v) lactic acid,1.0%( w / v) citric acid and drenching time30 s,it could reduce the total number of colonies 1.97lg( cfu / cm2).Compared with the control group,the group of minus bacteria had no effect on the surface of the chicken color,odor and taste of heated broth. The final total number of colonies in chicken products was 2.20lg( cfu / cm2). Conclusion: The split environment of broiler carcasses and bacterial contamination of split chicken products are more serious,and there is pathogen contamination. Lactic acid combined with citric acid can significantly reduce the total number of colonies of chicken's surface after splitting.
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