Abstract: Objective: To optimize ultrasonic extraction process of polysaccharide from Cynomorium songaricum Rupr.and determine the polysaccharide content in different samples.Msethod: The polysaccharide content was detected by phenol-sulfuric acid method.Use polysaccharide extraction yield as investigation index and extraction process was optimized by single factor and (L 9 (34) ) orthogonal experiment.Results: The optimum ultrasonic extraction conditions were: ultrasonic power (420W) , solid-liquid ratio (1 ∶ 35) , extraction temperature (80℃) , extraction time (60min) , and extraction times (2 times) .Under this condition, the extraction rate of polysaccharides reached 4.51% (n = 5, RSD = 1.98%) .The polysaccharide content of Guazhou samples was significantly higher than Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia;and polysaccharide content of Guazhou three-nine Cynomorium songaricum Rupr.was the highest in all samples.Conclusion: This ultrasonic extraction process could significantly improve the polysaccharides extraction rate.This method was rapid and simple;the experimental results were accurate and reliable.This study could provide reference data for rational development and quality control of Cynomorium songaricum Rupr and its products.