花椒籽中黑色素提取工艺的优化研究
详细信息Optimization of extraction process of the melanin from prickly ash seed
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摘要: 为了提高花椒的经济价值,充分利用花椒下脚料,以山西运城花椒籽为原料,采用溶剂法对花椒籽中的黑色素进行提取。通过单因素实验对影响花椒籽黑色素得率的因素:提取溶剂、提取溶剂浓度、提取温度、提取时间、料液比、提取次数进行探讨,用花椒籽黑色素提取液的吸光值来代替黑色素含量。在单因素实验的基础上,应用Box-Behnken中心组合设计建立数学模型,以花椒籽黑色素提取液的吸光值作为响应值,进行响应面法分析（RSM）,得出黑色素提取最佳工艺条件参数。结果表明,最优工艺参数为:最佳提取温度为66℃,最佳提取时间4.5h,料液比1∶33（g/mL）。此条件下,黑色素吸光值为0.305。三个因素对花椒籽黑色素得率影响依次为:温度>料液比>时间。Abstract: In order to improve the economy value of prickly ash seed and fully use of its by- products, the melanin was extracted from prickly ash seed by solvents.Effects of different factors, such as extraction solvent, extraction solvent concentration, extraction temperature, extraction time, ratio of solid to liquid and extraction times on melanin yield of prickly ash seed were studied by single factor test. Absorbance was selected as a substitute of melanin content.Based on single factor test, response surface analysis methodology was used to determine the optimal extraction conditions of melanin.Response surface analysis indicated that:optimal extraction conditions were 66℃, 4.5h, 1∶33 ( g /mL) . The absorbance value of the melanin obtained was 0.305. The order of three factors affecting melanin yield from prickly ash seed was:temperature > ratio of solid to liquor > time.
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