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中国精品科技期刊2020
张鸽,尤娟,杨宏. 冻结方式对猪肝理化特性和蛋白质氧化的影响[J]. 食品工业科技,2025,46(3):1−8. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024030311.
引用本文: 张鸽,尤娟,杨宏. 冻结方式对猪肝理化特性和蛋白质氧化的影响[J]. 食品工业科技,2025,46(3):1−8. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024030311.
ZHANG Ge, YOU Juan, YANG Hong. The Effect of Freezing Methods on the Physical and Chemical Properties and Protein Oxidation of Porcine Liver[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2025, 46(3): 1−8. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024030311.
Citation: ZHANG Ge, YOU Juan, YANG Hong. The Effect of Freezing Methods on the Physical and Chemical Properties and Protein Oxidation of Porcine Liver[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2025, 46(3): 1−8. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024030311.

冻结方式对猪肝理化特性和蛋白质氧化的影响

The Effect of Freezing Methods on the Physical and Chemical Properties and Protein Oxidation of Porcine Liver

  • 摘要: 为解决猪肝在冷冻贮藏过程中的品质劣变问题,本实验通过测定猪肝的冰晶微观结构、表面色度、挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)值、硫代巴比妥酸(TBARs)值,以及猪肝蛋白质的羰基含量、巯基及二硫键含量、表面疏水性等指标,探究了−20 ℃常规空气冻结(Conventional air freezing,CAF)、−80 ℃深冷冻结(Refrigerator cryogenic freezing,RCF)液氮浸渍冻结(Liquid nitrogen immersion freezing,LNF)3种冻结方式对冻藏猪肝理化特性和蛋白质氧化的影响(猪肝冻结后于−20 ℃贮藏180 d)。结果显示,随着贮藏时间的延长,猪肝鲜度品质下降、蛋白质氧化程度增加。与CAF相比,RCF和LNF组猪肝通过最大冰晶生成带的时间分别减少了71.60%和99.81%,生成的冰晶更加细小均匀。LNF组冻藏180 d后TVB-N和TBARs值分别比CAF组降低了28.43%和41.79%。冻藏180 d后,LNF组蛋白质羰基含量、二硫键含量和表面疏水性分别比CAF组降低38.88%、6.77%和21.04%,巯基含量比CAF组高8.60%,表明使用LNF能够有效延缓猪肝蛋白质的氧化。通过改变冻结方式提高冻结速率,降低冰晶对猪肝细胞组织的破坏程度,能够有效抑制猪肝在冻藏过程中品质的下降。本实验可为猪肝的冷冻贮藏及运输提供技术支撑。

     

    Abstract: To address the quality deterioration of porcine liver during frozen storage, the impacts of different freezing methods on porcine liver were investigated, including -20 ℃ conventional air freezing (CAF), -80 °C refrigerator cryogenic freezing (RCF) and liquid nitrogen immersion freezing (LNF). The ice crystal microstructure, color, total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) value, carbonyl content, sulfhydryl and disulfide bond content and surface hydrophobicity of porcine liver were determined. The results showed that as the storage time was increased, the quality of porcine liver decreased and the degree of protein oxidation increased. Porcine liver from the RCF and LNF groups formed finer and more uniform ice crystals, which passed through the maximum ice crystal formation zone in less time than the CAF group (71.60% and 99.81%, respectively). In addition, the TVB-N and TBARs values in the LNF group decreased by 28.43% and 41.79% respectively after storage for 180 d compared to the CAF group. Furthermore, compared to the CAF group, the carbonyl content, disulfide bond content and surface hydrophobicity of proteins in the LNF group decreased by 38.88%, 6.77% and 21.04%, respectively, and the sulfhydryl content increased by 8.60%, indicating that the use of LNF could reduce the oxidation of porcine liver proteins significantly. The results suggested that by modifying the freezing method, the freezing rate was increased and the degree of damage caused by ice crystals to porcine liver cell tissues was reduced, effectively preventing the deterioration of porcine liver quality. The results of this investigation could provide technical support for the transportation and freezing of porcine liver.

     

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