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中国精品科技期刊2020
李佩琪,江山,戴群,等. 猕猴桃和青菜病原真菌的分离、鉴定及生物学特性[J]. 食品工业科技,2022,43(19):146−153. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2021120003.
引用本文: 李佩琪,江山,戴群,等. 猕猴桃和青菜病原真菌的分离、鉴定及生物学特性[J]. 食品工业科技,2022,43(19):146−153. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2021120003.
LI Peiqi, JIANG Shan, DAI Qun, et al. Isolation, Identification and Biological Characteristics of Pathogenic Fungi from Kiwifruit and Pakchoi[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2022, 43(19): 146−153. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2021120003.
Citation: LI Peiqi, JIANG Shan, DAI Qun, et al. Isolation, Identification and Biological Characteristics of Pathogenic Fungi from Kiwifruit and Pakchoi[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2022, 43(19): 146−153. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2021120003.

猕猴桃和青菜病原真菌的分离、鉴定及生物学特性

Isolation, Identification and Biological Characteristics of Pathogenic Fungi from Kiwifruit and Pakchoi

  • 摘要: 目的:猕猴桃和青菜在储存和运输的过程中容易因病原菌导致腐烂而造成经济损失,因此,了解其病原菌的种类和特性对病原菌的防治十分必要。方法:本研究通过致病性鉴定、形态学鉴定及ITS鉴定从发病猕猴桃及青菜中分离得到病原真菌,并且对其进行了生物学特性的探究。结果:从发病猕猴桃中分离纯化得到4株病原真菌,经鉴定为壳囊孢属Cytospora sp.、波兰青霉Penicillium polonicum、加州灰霉菌Botrytis californica和盖姆斯木霉Trichoderma gamsii。从发病青菜中分离纯化得到3株病原真菌,经鉴定为圆形镰刀菌Fusarium circinatum、枝孢梭菌Cladosporium angustiterminale和加州灰霉菌Botrytis californica。壳囊孢属在10~28 ℃范围内均可生长,其余6株病原真菌在4~30 ℃范围内均可生长,并且最适生长温度为20~28 ℃。除枝孢梭菌外,其余6株病原真菌的的最适pH在6~8之间。枝孢梭菌的耐酸性较强,其最适pH可能在4以下。壳囊孢属在pH为4~9范围内均可以生长,其余6株病原真菌在pH为4~10范围内均可以生长。结论:经致病性鉴定后,发现这7株真菌均可对应地引起猕猴桃和青菜腐烂,而其中的加州灰霉菌Botrytis californica可同时引起猕猴桃和青菜的腐烂。波兰青霉、加州灰霉菌、盖姆斯木霉和枝孢梭菌在4 ℃情况下均可以生长,说明冰箱冷藏的温度并不能防止这些病原菌侵染蔬果。本文为猕猴桃及青菜病原真菌的防治提供了参考依据。

     

    Abstract: Objective: Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis Planch.) and pakchoi (Brassica rapa var. chinensis) are easy to rot due to pathogens during storage and transportation, resulting in economic losses. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the species and characteristics of pathogenic bacteria for prevention and control of pathogenic bacteria. Methods: In this study, pathogenic fungus were isolated from infected kiwifruit and pakchoi, and identified by pathogenicity identification, morphology identification, and Internal Transcribed Spacer identification. The biological characterization of these pathogenic fungus were also investigated. Results: Four pathogenic fungi were isolated and purified from infected kiwifruit, and identified as Cytospora sp., Penicillium polonicum, Botrytis californica, Trichoderma gamsii, respectively. Three pathogenic fungi were isolated and purified from infected pakchoi, and identified as Fusarium circinatum, Cladosporium angustiterminale, Botrytis californica, respectively. Cytospora sp. could grow in the range of 10~28 ℃. The other 6 pathogenic fungi could grow in the range of 4~30 ℃, and the optimum growth temperature of these pathogenic fungi was 20~28 ℃. Except for Cladosporium angustiterminale, the optimum pH value of the other six pathogenic fungi was between 6 and 8. Cladosporium angustiterminale was more resistant to acid, and its optimum pH value might be below 4. Cytospora sp. could grow in the pH range of 4~9, and the other 6 strains could grow in the pH range of 4~10. Conclusion: After pathogenicity identification, it was found that these seven strains could cause the decay of kiwifruit and pakchoi, and Botrytis californica could cause the decay of kiwifruit and pakchoi at the same time. Penicillium polonicum, Botrytis californica, Trichoderma gamsii and Cladosporium angustiterminale could all grow at 4 ℃, indicating that the temperature of refrigeration could not prevent these pathogens from infusing fruits and vegetables. This study provided a reference basis for the control of pathogenic fungi in kiwifruit and green vegetables.

     

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