Abstract: Aging will cause the function attenuation of multiple organs, leading to the occurrence and development of various related diseases such as metabolism, nervous system and cardiovascular . Anti-aging has become an important research topic in the field of modern life science, and the development of natural and effective active components of anti-aging food is of great significance for the promotion of human health development. Marine bioactive substances have good biocompatibility, easy absorption, low toxicity and other characteristics, and can also help the body to fight oxidation, regulate gut microbiota and regulate the expression of senescence related genes, therefore, they can be used as a rich source of raw materials for the development of anti-aging functional foods. In this paper, the aging mechanism theory, and the anti-aging effect of marine derived bioactive substances such as polypeptides, polysaccharides, unsaturated fatty acids and astaxanthin, and marine biological active substances on aging intervention mechanism were summarized. Furthermore, the anti-aging research directions of marine bioactive substances were discussed, in order to provide the theoretical reference basis for the research and development of anti-aging marine active substances.