白方腐乳开盖后储藏过程中生物胺和理化指标的变化
Changes of Biogenic Amines and Physicochemical Characteristics during the Storage of White Sufu with Open-lid
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摘要: 以开盖白方腐乳为原料,在不同温度(4、15、25和35 ℃)下分别贮藏0、15、30、45、60 d后,采用高效液相色谱法检测样品中8种生物胺,并测定理化指标(pH、水分活度和氨基态氮),并分析各指标间的相关性。结果表明:在整个贮藏过程中,总胺变化趋势基本一致,均呈先上升后下降的趋势,且总胺含量在151.11~835.51 mg/kg范围内,低于美国食品药品监督管理局的限定值;酪胺仅在35 ℃下贮藏至第15 d时含量超标,高达118.13 mg/kg;白方腐乳刚开盖时,组胺含量为64.07 mg/kg。4 ℃储藏的白方腐乳水分活度和pH相对较低;35 ℃贮藏的白方腐乳氨基态氮含量较高。相关性分析结果表明,尸胺与组胺相关性最高(r=0.824,P<0.01),氨基态氮与苯乙胺、尸胺、组胺呈显著正相关。Abstract: White sufu was used as raw material and stored at different temperatures (4, 15, 25 and 35℃) for 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 d. Eight biogenic amines in the samples were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The physicochemical characteristics (pH, water activity, and amino nitrogen) were determined and the correlation among the indexes was analyzed. The results showed that the change trend of total biogenic amine content was basically the same during the whole storage process, which showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The total biogenic amine content ranged from 151.11 to 835.51 mg/kg, which was lower than the limit of the U.S.Food and Drug Administration. The contents of tyramine were up to 118.13 mg/kg at 35℃ until the 15th day, which exceeded the standard. The histamine content of sufu stored at different temperatures was 64.07 mg/kg when the lid was opened. The water activity and pH value of white sufu stored at 4℃ were relatively low. The content of amino nitrogen of white sufu stored at 35℃ was relatively high. The correlation analysis results showed that cadamine had the highest correlation with histamine (r=0.824, P<0.01). The amino nitrogen was positively correlated with phenylethylamine, cadamine and histamine.