Abstract: Carbohydrates,one of the four major components that make up an organism,are a general term for polyhydroxy aldehydes,polyhydroxy ketones,its polycondensates and derivatives,which was the main source of energy needed to maintain life activities. Carbohydrates exist in three forms:Monosaccharides,Oligosaccharides,and Polysaccharides. Most of them exist in the form of polysaccharides in living organisms. Polysaccharides have complex structures and large molecular weight,and are composed of more than 10 monosaccharides. They are important biologically active substances. The biological activity of polysaccharides is inseparable from monosaccharide composition. Therefore,it is of great significance to study the qualitative and quantitative methods of monosaccharide composition in polysaccharides. Monosaccharide is a kind of hydrophilic macromolecule containing polyhydroxy group,which is hydrophilic,no chromophoric group and fluorescent group. Its qualitative and quantitative work is very challenging. This article focuses on the research status of four kinds of quantitative methods for monosaccharide quantitative chromatography(liquid chromatography,gas chromatography,high performance anion exchange chromatography,capillary electrophoresis),analyzes the problems and advantages of chromatography methods. The development of chromatographic detection technology of monosaccharides is prospected.