Abstract: To overcome the acid resistance of Lactobacillus bulgaricus,a method of preparing Lactobacillus bulgaricus microcapsules was established. In this study,sodium alginate and chitosan were used to embed and chitosan Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Through single factor test and orthogonal test,the optimum conditions for the preparation of microcapsules were determined as follows:sodium alginate concentration 3%,chitosan concentration 1.5%,calcium chloride concentration 2%,120 min curing time,and the entrapment rate of microcapsules was 78.96%.Under these condition,Lactobacillus bulgaricus microcapsules had good acid resistance and enteric solubility. In the artificial gastric juice,the microcapsules remained intact at 120 min,while in the artificial intestinal,the microcapsules completely disintegrated at 60 min.