Abstract: Fishery accounts for a large proportion of the economy in our country and fish resources were widely developed and utilized. However,the fishy smell hindered the development of deep processing of aquatic products. This article introduced the chemical nature of the odor of aquatic products. The related substances identified were trimethylamine,bitter peptides,indoles,aldehydes,ketone,etc. It described the odor of aquatic products mainly due to the adsorption and enrichment of fish in water,the decomposition of microorganisms and enzymes oxidation. Extraction methods included solid-phase microextraction,dynamic headspace extraction,microwave distillation,and supercritical fluid methods. There were various ways of analysis and appraisal,including sensory evaluation,electronic nose and GC-MS,as well as the status and prospects of the research on the technology of fishy deodorization of aquatic products at home and abroad. At present,the study of odor substance at home and abroad was not accurate and comprehensive,and its chemical nature was still unclear,and need further research.