Abstract: Flaxseed protein is a kind of high quality plant protein, and it contains eight kinds of amino acids, which are necessary for human body. Its amino acid pattern is similar to that of soy protein. In this paper, the research progress of flaxseed protein and its bioactive peptides was reviewed. The functional characteristics of flaxseed protein and the physiological activity of bioactive peptides were elaborated in detail. The extraction and preparation methods of flaxseed protein and its active peptide were also summarized.